Nanoencapsulation of ofloxacin using sesame seed oil-based colloidal system: antimicrobial, toxicity, and drug delivery studies
Hydrophobicity and gastroenzymatic degradation of drugs requires an innovative approach, which includes the adoption of a nanosized colloidal system for drug delivery. The emulsions were produced by the mechano-chemical method and characterized using FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, Zetasizer, 1HNMR, and...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-10-01
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| Series: | Kuwait Journal of Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2307410825001105?via%3Dihub |
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| Summary: | Hydrophobicity and gastroenzymatic degradation of drugs requires an innovative approach, which includes the adoption of a nanosized colloidal system for drug delivery. The emulsions were produced by the mechano-chemical method and characterized using FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, Zetasizer, 1HNMR, and Cryo-TEM. Molecular studies and antimicrobial activity of sesame oil-based nanoemulsion (SOBN), ofloxacin-loaded sesame oil-based nanoemulsion (SOBN + OF), and ofloxacin (OF) were carried out on S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus (ATCC 29213), and P. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442). Drug delivery studies of SOBN + OF were done using adult male Wistar rats. The zeta potential measurement shows a negatively charged emulsion (−16.1mV), with low polydispersity index values, which suggests high stability. The Cryo-TEM micrographs show a rough spherical colloid with an average diameter of 610.4 ± 0.54 nm and an effective electric field strength value of 147.4 V. The UV–Vis analysis recorded a maximum drug entrapment efficiency of 21.250 μg/mL. The FTIR shows a superimposition of SOBN and SOBN + OF spectra with a wavenumber value of 3427.76 cm−1, which is in agreement with the 1HNMR results, suggesting an encapsulation. The molecular studies show that the highest docking values of −6.67291594 and −7.09475231 were recorded on peptidoglycan deacetylase (gram-positive) and beta-lactamase class A (gram-negative) bacterium protein, respectively. The antimicrobial study shows that SOBN + OF is more potent than OF across a concentration range of 500 to 31.25 mg/mL. The toxicity of the investigated dosage (17.5 mL/kg bw) of SOBN + OF has a pathomorphological effect on Wistar rats. The SOBN + OF-treated rat skin had an absorption value of 0.0980 μg/mL, indicating a significant penetration rate. A recorded Cmax value of 2.31 μg/mL was noted at 150 min in the transdermo-pharmaceutical study. The outcome of this study shows that sesame oil-based nanoemulsion is a probable vehicle, with the potential to encapsulate, transport, and release ofloxacin, thereby enhancing its biopotency. |
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| ISSN: | 2307-4116 |