Small Fires, Big Impact: Evaluating Fire Emission Estimates in Southern Africa Using New Satellite Imagery of Burned Area and Carbon Monoxide

Abstract Various fire emission estimates for southern Africa during 2019, derived with multiple burned area data sets with resolutions ranging from 500 to 20 m, are evaluated using satellite carbon monoxide (CO) observations. Southern African emissions derived from burned area generated by 20 m Sent...

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Main Authors: I. R. van derVelde, G. R. van derWerf, D. vanWees, N. A. J. Schutgens, R. Vernooij, S. Houweling, E. Tonucci, E. Chuvieco, J. T. Randerson, M. M. Frey, T. Borsdorff, I. Aben
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-06-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106122
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author I. R. van derVelde
G. R. van derWerf
D. vanWees
N. A. J. Schutgens
R. Vernooij
S. Houweling
E. Tonucci
E. Chuvieco
J. T. Randerson
M. M. Frey
T. Borsdorff
I. Aben
author_facet I. R. van derVelde
G. R. van derWerf
D. vanWees
N. A. J. Schutgens
R. Vernooij
S. Houweling
E. Tonucci
E. Chuvieco
J. T. Randerson
M. M. Frey
T. Borsdorff
I. Aben
author_sort I. R. van derVelde
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Various fire emission estimates for southern Africa during 2019, derived with multiple burned area data sets with resolutions ranging from 500 to 20 m, are evaluated using satellite carbon monoxide (CO) observations. Southern African emissions derived from burned area generated by 20 m Sentinel‐2 satellite imagery are up to 120% higher than other estimates because small fires are better detected with a higher‐resolution satellite instrument. A comprehensive comparison between simulated and observed atmospheric CO indicates that the Sentinel‐2 burned area data significantly improves emission estimates, with up to 15% reduction in CO concentration biases in comparison to emissions based on coarser resolution burned area data. We also found that the temporal lag between emissions and atmospheric CO concentrations during the peak fire month was related to atmospheric transport. These findings emphasize the importance of utilizing higher‐resolution satellite instruments in accurately estimating emissions and understanding the impact of small fires on global climate.
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issn 0094-8276
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publishDate 2024-06-01
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series Geophysical Research Letters
spelling doaj-art-d71fb31760d040fab51ff9f015f7f47e2025-08-20T03:10:21ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072024-06-015112n/an/a10.1029/2023GL106122Small Fires, Big Impact: Evaluating Fire Emission Estimates in Southern Africa Using New Satellite Imagery of Burned Area and Carbon MonoxideI. R. van derVelde0G. R. van derWerf1D. vanWees2N. A. J. Schutgens3R. Vernooij4S. Houweling5E. Tonucci6E. Chuvieco7J. T. Randerson8M. M. Frey9T. Borsdorff10I. Aben11SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Leiden The NetherlandsVU Amsterdam Faculty of Science Amsterdam The NetherlandsVU Amsterdam Faculty of Science Amsterdam The NetherlandsVU Amsterdam Faculty of Science Amsterdam The NetherlandsVU Amsterdam Faculty of Science Amsterdam The NetherlandsSRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Leiden The NetherlandsSRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Leiden The NetherlandsDepartment of Geology Geography and the Environment University of Alcalá Alcalá de Henares SpainDepartment of Earth System Science University of California, Irvine Irvine CA USAEarth System Division National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba JapanSRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Leiden The NetherlandsSRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Leiden The NetherlandsAbstract Various fire emission estimates for southern Africa during 2019, derived with multiple burned area data sets with resolutions ranging from 500 to 20 m, are evaluated using satellite carbon monoxide (CO) observations. Southern African emissions derived from burned area generated by 20 m Sentinel‐2 satellite imagery are up to 120% higher than other estimates because small fires are better detected with a higher‐resolution satellite instrument. A comprehensive comparison between simulated and observed atmospheric CO indicates that the Sentinel‐2 burned area data significantly improves emission estimates, with up to 15% reduction in CO concentration biases in comparison to emissions based on coarser resolution burned area data. We also found that the temporal lag between emissions and atmospheric CO concentrations during the peak fire month was related to atmospheric transport. These findings emphasize the importance of utilizing higher‐resolution satellite instruments in accurately estimating emissions and understanding the impact of small fires on global climate.https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106122atmospheric modelingatmospheric compositionsatellite measurementsbiomass burningsmall fires
spellingShingle I. R. van derVelde
G. R. van derWerf
D. vanWees
N. A. J. Schutgens
R. Vernooij
S. Houweling
E. Tonucci
E. Chuvieco
J. T. Randerson
M. M. Frey
T. Borsdorff
I. Aben
Small Fires, Big Impact: Evaluating Fire Emission Estimates in Southern Africa Using New Satellite Imagery of Burned Area and Carbon Monoxide
Geophysical Research Letters
atmospheric modeling
atmospheric composition
satellite measurements
biomass burning
small fires
title Small Fires, Big Impact: Evaluating Fire Emission Estimates in Southern Africa Using New Satellite Imagery of Burned Area and Carbon Monoxide
title_full Small Fires, Big Impact: Evaluating Fire Emission Estimates in Southern Africa Using New Satellite Imagery of Burned Area and Carbon Monoxide
title_fullStr Small Fires, Big Impact: Evaluating Fire Emission Estimates in Southern Africa Using New Satellite Imagery of Burned Area and Carbon Monoxide
title_full_unstemmed Small Fires, Big Impact: Evaluating Fire Emission Estimates in Southern Africa Using New Satellite Imagery of Burned Area and Carbon Monoxide
title_short Small Fires, Big Impact: Evaluating Fire Emission Estimates in Southern Africa Using New Satellite Imagery of Burned Area and Carbon Monoxide
title_sort small fires big impact evaluating fire emission estimates in southern africa using new satellite imagery of burned area and carbon monoxide
topic atmospheric modeling
atmospheric composition
satellite measurements
biomass burning
small fires
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106122
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