Diagnosing the Atmosphere of Jupiter's Volcanic Moon Io Using Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs)

Abstract During a Juno spacecraft encounter with Jupiter's volcanic moon Io (30 December 2023), the Jupiter Energetic Particle Detector Instrument (JEDI) observed Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) of >150 keV oxygen and sulfur (O + S) coming from Io's mostly nightside atmosphere. JEDI line...

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Main Authors: B. H. Mauk, H. T. Smith, R. E. Johnson, V. Dols, F. Bagenal, J. E. P. Connerney, S. J. Bolton, G. Clark, D. K. Haggerty, P. Kollmann, C. P. Paranicas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-03-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112668
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author B. H. Mauk
H. T. Smith
R. E. Johnson
V. Dols
F. Bagenal
J. E. P. Connerney
S. J. Bolton
G. Clark
D. K. Haggerty
P. Kollmann
C. P. Paranicas
author_facet B. H. Mauk
H. T. Smith
R. E. Johnson
V. Dols
F. Bagenal
J. E. P. Connerney
S. J. Bolton
G. Clark
D. K. Haggerty
P. Kollmann
C. P. Paranicas
author_sort B. H. Mauk
collection DOAJ
description Abstract During a Juno spacecraft encounter with Jupiter's volcanic moon Io (30 December 2023), the Jupiter Energetic Particle Detector Instrument (JEDI) observed Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) of >150 keV oxygen and sulfur (O + S) coming from Io's mostly nightside atmosphere. JEDI lines‐of‐sight approached closest to Io between 1.31 and 1.49 Io radii (RIo), above the predominantly SO2 core atmosphere but imbedded within the extended atmosphere and corona of SO2, SO, O, and S. The ratio of O + S ENA intensities and O + S ion intensities estimated to be interacting with Io's atmosphere along JEDI lines‐of‐sight are 4%–7%. Those estimates are below expectations (∼11%–∼14%), but presently within uncertainties, based on integrations along the JEDI lines‐of‐sight through a prevailing but uncertain, local‐time‐symmetric model of Io's extended atmosphere. Expected ENA production rates will remain uncertain until detailed modeling of ion/atmosphere interactions are performed, and knowledge of charge exchange cross sections is verified.
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spelling doaj-art-d6fe4f7da8814f73bf57c7f36af6d4d82025-08-20T02:57:17ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072025-03-01525n/an/a10.1029/2024GL112668Diagnosing the Atmosphere of Jupiter's Volcanic Moon Io Using Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs)B. H. Mauk0H. T. Smith1R. E. Johnson2V. Dols3F. Bagenal4J. E. P. Connerney5S. J. Bolton6G. Clark7D. K. Haggerty8P. Kollmann9C. P. Paranicas10The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) Laurel MD USAThe Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) Laurel MD USAUniversity of Virginia Engineering Physics and Materials Science Charlottesville VA USAUniversity of Colorado LASP Boulder CO USAUniversity of Colorado LASP Boulder CO USANASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USASouthwest Research Institute San Antonio TX USAThe Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) Laurel MD USAThe Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) Laurel MD USAThe Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) Laurel MD USAThe Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) Laurel MD USAAbstract During a Juno spacecraft encounter with Jupiter's volcanic moon Io (30 December 2023), the Jupiter Energetic Particle Detector Instrument (JEDI) observed Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) of >150 keV oxygen and sulfur (O + S) coming from Io's mostly nightside atmosphere. JEDI lines‐of‐sight approached closest to Io between 1.31 and 1.49 Io radii (RIo), above the predominantly SO2 core atmosphere but imbedded within the extended atmosphere and corona of SO2, SO, O, and S. The ratio of O + S ENA intensities and O + S ion intensities estimated to be interacting with Io's atmosphere along JEDI lines‐of‐sight are 4%–7%. Those estimates are below expectations (∼11%–∼14%), but presently within uncertainties, based on integrations along the JEDI lines‐of‐sight through a prevailing but uncertain, local‐time‐symmetric model of Io's extended atmosphere. Expected ENA production rates will remain uncertain until detailed modeling of ion/atmosphere interactions are performed, and knowledge of charge exchange cross sections is verified.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112668JupiterIoatmosphereenergetic particlesenergetic neutral atoms
spellingShingle B. H. Mauk
H. T. Smith
R. E. Johnson
V. Dols
F. Bagenal
J. E. P. Connerney
S. J. Bolton
G. Clark
D. K. Haggerty
P. Kollmann
C. P. Paranicas
Diagnosing the Atmosphere of Jupiter's Volcanic Moon Io Using Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs)
Geophysical Research Letters
Jupiter
Io
atmosphere
energetic particles
energetic neutral atoms
title Diagnosing the Atmosphere of Jupiter's Volcanic Moon Io Using Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs)
title_full Diagnosing the Atmosphere of Jupiter's Volcanic Moon Io Using Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs)
title_fullStr Diagnosing the Atmosphere of Jupiter's Volcanic Moon Io Using Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs)
title_full_unstemmed Diagnosing the Atmosphere of Jupiter's Volcanic Moon Io Using Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs)
title_short Diagnosing the Atmosphere of Jupiter's Volcanic Moon Io Using Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs)
title_sort diagnosing the atmosphere of jupiter s volcanic moon io using energetic neutral atoms enas
topic Jupiter
Io
atmosphere
energetic particles
energetic neutral atoms
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112668
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