Clinicopathological analysis of sclerosing haemangiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: analysis of three cases and a literature review

Abstract Objective To examine the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical profiles, and differential diagnosis of sclerosing angiomatiod nodular transformation (SANT). Methods Three cases of SANT of the spleen, diagnosed between 2014 and 2023 at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical Uni...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jiafei Zeng, Jin Li, Shuai Luo, Jinjing Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-11-01
Series:World Journal of Surgical Oncology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-024-03580-6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850194725509791744
author Jiafei Zeng
Jin Li
Shuai Luo
Jinjing Wang
author_facet Jiafei Zeng
Jin Li
Shuai Luo
Jinjing Wang
author_sort Jiafei Zeng
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective To examine the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical profiles, and differential diagnosis of sclerosing angiomatiod nodular transformation (SANT). Methods Three cases of SANT of the spleen, diagnosed between 2014 and 2023 at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, were analysed. Pathological features were assessed using haematoxylin and eosin staining, followed by immunohistochemistry with the EnVision system. Additionally, a review of relevant literature was conducted. Results The study included one male and two female patients aged 40–55 years, with a median age of 47.5 years. All lesions were solitary, with tumour diameters ranging from 4 to 7.4 cm (mean 5.7 cm). Gross examination demonstrated that the masses were well-demarcated from the surrounding splenic tissue, with no evident capsule. The cut surfaces of the masses exhibited irregular, porcelain-white nodules that were tough in consistency, with some areas intermingling with splenic tissue. Microscopic examination revealed round or circular nodules comprising multiple slit-like or sinusoidal capillaries, separated by concentric collagen fibres. The nodules exhibited chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, calcification, haemosiderin deposition, and fibrous connective tissue with hyaline or mucoid changes. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated differential expression of markers, including cluster of differentiation (CD) 34, CD31, and CD8, within the sinusoidal nodule areas. Periodic acid-Schiff staining was positive for perinodular collagen deposits, while reticulin staining highlighted nodule profiles and intranodular vessels. None of the patients experienced postoperative recurrence or metastasis, and one patient was on aspirin for thrombocytosis. Conclusion SANT of the spleen is generally considered a rare, benign lesion with angioma-like characteristics. It exhibits exhibiting distinctive histomorphological features within the red pulp. Understanding the differential diagnosis is crucial to prevent missed or incorrect diagnoses.
format Article
id doaj-art-d6d613df4284490da337b6e02bcf574a
institution OA Journals
issn 1477-7819
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series World Journal of Surgical Oncology
spelling doaj-art-d6d613df4284490da337b6e02bcf574a2025-08-20T02:13:55ZengBMCWorld Journal of Surgical Oncology1477-78192024-11-012211810.1186/s12957-024-03580-6Clinicopathological analysis of sclerosing haemangiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: analysis of three cases and a literature reviewJiafei Zeng0Jin Li1Shuai Luo2Jinjing Wang3Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityDepartment of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityAbstract Objective To examine the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical profiles, and differential diagnosis of sclerosing angiomatiod nodular transformation (SANT). Methods Three cases of SANT of the spleen, diagnosed between 2014 and 2023 at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, were analysed. Pathological features were assessed using haematoxylin and eosin staining, followed by immunohistochemistry with the EnVision system. Additionally, a review of relevant literature was conducted. Results The study included one male and two female patients aged 40–55 years, with a median age of 47.5 years. All lesions were solitary, with tumour diameters ranging from 4 to 7.4 cm (mean 5.7 cm). Gross examination demonstrated that the masses were well-demarcated from the surrounding splenic tissue, with no evident capsule. The cut surfaces of the masses exhibited irregular, porcelain-white nodules that were tough in consistency, with some areas intermingling with splenic tissue. Microscopic examination revealed round or circular nodules comprising multiple slit-like or sinusoidal capillaries, separated by concentric collagen fibres. The nodules exhibited chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, calcification, haemosiderin deposition, and fibrous connective tissue with hyaline or mucoid changes. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated differential expression of markers, including cluster of differentiation (CD) 34, CD31, and CD8, within the sinusoidal nodule areas. Periodic acid-Schiff staining was positive for perinodular collagen deposits, while reticulin staining highlighted nodule profiles and intranodular vessels. None of the patients experienced postoperative recurrence or metastasis, and one patient was on aspirin for thrombocytosis. Conclusion SANT of the spleen is generally considered a rare, benign lesion with angioma-like characteristics. It exhibits exhibiting distinctive histomorphological features within the red pulp. Understanding the differential diagnosis is crucial to prevent missed or incorrect diagnoses.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-024-03580-6Splenic tumourSANTClinical pathologyDifferential diagnosisLiterature review
spellingShingle Jiafei Zeng
Jin Li
Shuai Luo
Jinjing Wang
Clinicopathological analysis of sclerosing haemangiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: analysis of three cases and a literature review
World Journal of Surgical Oncology
Splenic tumour
SANT
Clinical pathology
Differential diagnosis
Literature review
title Clinicopathological analysis of sclerosing haemangiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: analysis of three cases and a literature review
title_full Clinicopathological analysis of sclerosing haemangiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: analysis of three cases and a literature review
title_fullStr Clinicopathological analysis of sclerosing haemangiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: analysis of three cases and a literature review
title_full_unstemmed Clinicopathological analysis of sclerosing haemangiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: analysis of three cases and a literature review
title_short Clinicopathological analysis of sclerosing haemangiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: analysis of three cases and a literature review
title_sort clinicopathological analysis of sclerosing haemangiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen analysis of three cases and a literature review
topic Splenic tumour
SANT
Clinical pathology
Differential diagnosis
Literature review
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-024-03580-6
work_keys_str_mv AT jiafeizeng clinicopathologicalanalysisofsclerosinghaemangiomatoidnodulartransformationofthespleenanalysisofthreecasesandaliteraturereview
AT jinli clinicopathologicalanalysisofsclerosinghaemangiomatoidnodulartransformationofthespleenanalysisofthreecasesandaliteraturereview
AT shuailuo clinicopathologicalanalysisofsclerosinghaemangiomatoidnodulartransformationofthespleenanalysisofthreecasesandaliteraturereview
AT jinjingwang clinicopathologicalanalysisofsclerosinghaemangiomatoidnodulartransformationofthespleenanalysisofthreecasesandaliteraturereview