Biomechanical modeling of spatiotemporal bacteria-phage competition

Abstract Bacteriophages are viral predators of bacteria. Understanding the bacteria-phage competition is crucial for horizontal gene transfer and treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Here, we investigate the interaction dynamics between common rod-shaped bacteria such as Escherich...

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Main Authors: Andrés Valdez, Hui Sun, Howard Howie Weiss, Igor Aranson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Communications Physics
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02078-1
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author Andrés Valdez
Hui Sun
Howard Howie Weiss
Igor Aranson
author_facet Andrés Valdez
Hui Sun
Howard Howie Weiss
Igor Aranson
author_sort Andrés Valdez
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Bacteriophages are viral predators of bacteria. Understanding the bacteria-phage competition is crucial for horizontal gene transfer and treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Here, we investigate the interaction dynamics between common rod-shaped bacteria such as Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa and lytic phages within 2D and 3D environments. Our computational study is based on established experimental observations of bacteria-phage interactions. A lytic phage effectively kills bacterial cells in a colony, leading to significant consequences for its morphology and expansion. Through computational modeling, we observe that phage interactions with bacteria produce phage-plaque regions characterized by cell death, reorganization, and altered colony growth dynamics. As phages predate, surviving cells tend to re-align toward the phage-affected region, forming a more ordered structure. This reordering effect not only reduces the radial spread of the colony but, in highly virulent scenarios, generates an inflow of cells toward the phage-plaque, effectively “devouring” portions of the colony. Our work highlights how phages control the self-organization of proliferating active matter and offers insights into targeted approaches for managing bacterial populations in biofilm-associated environments.
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issn 2399-3650
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spelling doaj-art-d6c2126440f8482e8ffc5b6f53d0ce6f2025-08-20T03:10:12ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Physics2399-36502025-04-018111010.1038/s42005-025-02078-1Biomechanical modeling of spatiotemporal bacteria-phage competitionAndrés Valdez0Hui Sun1Howard Howie Weiss2Igor Aranson3Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State UniversityDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, California State UniversityDepartments of Biology and Mathematics, The Pennsylvania State UniversityDepartments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Mathematics, The Pennsylvania State UniversityAbstract Bacteriophages are viral predators of bacteria. Understanding the bacteria-phage competition is crucial for horizontal gene transfer and treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Here, we investigate the interaction dynamics between common rod-shaped bacteria such as Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa and lytic phages within 2D and 3D environments. Our computational study is based on established experimental observations of bacteria-phage interactions. A lytic phage effectively kills bacterial cells in a colony, leading to significant consequences for its morphology and expansion. Through computational modeling, we observe that phage interactions with bacteria produce phage-plaque regions characterized by cell death, reorganization, and altered colony growth dynamics. As phages predate, surviving cells tend to re-align toward the phage-affected region, forming a more ordered structure. This reordering effect not only reduces the radial spread of the colony but, in highly virulent scenarios, generates an inflow of cells toward the phage-plaque, effectively “devouring” portions of the colony. Our work highlights how phages control the self-organization of proliferating active matter and offers insights into targeted approaches for managing bacterial populations in biofilm-associated environments.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02078-1
spellingShingle Andrés Valdez
Hui Sun
Howard Howie Weiss
Igor Aranson
Biomechanical modeling of spatiotemporal bacteria-phage competition
Communications Physics
title Biomechanical modeling of spatiotemporal bacteria-phage competition
title_full Biomechanical modeling of spatiotemporal bacteria-phage competition
title_fullStr Biomechanical modeling of spatiotemporal bacteria-phage competition
title_full_unstemmed Biomechanical modeling of spatiotemporal bacteria-phage competition
title_short Biomechanical modeling of spatiotemporal bacteria-phage competition
title_sort biomechanical modeling of spatiotemporal bacteria phage competition
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02078-1
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