Enhancing emotion regulation with an in situ socially assistive robot among LGBTQ+ youth with self-harm ideation: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Introduction Purrble, a socially assistive robot, was codesigned with children to support in situ emotion regulation. Preliminary evidence has found that LGBTQ+ youth are receptive to Purrble and find it to be an acceptable intervention to assist with emotion dysregulation and their experiences of s...

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Main Authors: Chris Hollis, Kareem Khan, Peter Fonagy, Rohan Borschmann, Cathy Creswell, Kapil Sayal, Nitish Jawahar, A Jess Williams, Ellen Townsend, Dorothee Auer, Praveetha Patalay, Yvonne Kelly, Christopher R Tench, Paul Stallard, Louise Arseneault, Sieun Lee, Sally Merry, Charlotte Hall, Jo Gregory, Rory O’Connor, Emma Nielsen, Edmund Sonuga-Barke, Seonaid Cleare, James Gross, Amelia Chapman-Nisar, Nkem Naeche, Petr Slovak, Emily Lloyd, Josimar De Alcantara Mendes, Carolyn Ten Holter, Marina Jirotka, Zsofia Lazar, Aaron Kandola, Sonia Livingstone, Kasia Kostryka-Allchorne, Jake Bourgaize, Mariya Stoilova, Marianne Etherson, Chris Greenhalgh, Jim Warren, Vajisha Wanniarachchi, Kevin Glover, Mathijs Lucassen, Karolina Stasiak, Camilla Babbage, Adam Parker, Joanna Lockwood, Elvira Perez Vallejos, Rebecca Woodcock, Sarah Doherty, Lucy-Paige Willingham
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2024-01-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/1/e079801.full
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author Chris Hollis
Kareem Khan
Peter Fonagy
Rohan Borschmann
Cathy Creswell
Kapil Sayal
Nitish Jawahar
A Jess Williams
Ellen Townsend
Dorothee Auer
Praveetha Patalay
Yvonne Kelly
Christopher R Tench
Paul Stallard
Louise Arseneault
Sieun Lee
Sally Merry
Charlotte Hall
Jo Gregory
Rory O’Connor
Emma Nielsen
Edmund Sonuga-Barke
Seonaid Cleare
James Gross
Amelia Chapman-Nisar
Nkem Naeche
Petr Slovak
Emily Lloyd
Josimar De Alcantara Mendes
Carolyn Ten Holter
Marina Jirotka
Zsofia Lazar
Aaron Kandola
Sonia Livingstone
Kasia Kostryka-Allchorne
Jake Bourgaize
Mariya Stoilova
Marianne Etherson
Chris Greenhalgh
Jim Warren
Vajisha Wanniarachchi
Kevin Glover
Mathijs Lucassen
Karolina Stasiak
Camilla Babbage
Adam Parker
Joanna Lockwood
Elvira Perez Vallejos
Rebecca Woodcock
Sarah Doherty
Lucy-Paige Willingham
author_facet Chris Hollis
Kareem Khan
Peter Fonagy
Rohan Borschmann
Cathy Creswell
Kapil Sayal
Nitish Jawahar
A Jess Williams
Ellen Townsend
Dorothee Auer
Praveetha Patalay
Yvonne Kelly
Christopher R Tench
Paul Stallard
Louise Arseneault
Sieun Lee
Sally Merry
Charlotte Hall
Jo Gregory
Rory O’Connor
Emma Nielsen
Edmund Sonuga-Barke
Seonaid Cleare
James Gross
Amelia Chapman-Nisar
Nkem Naeche
Petr Slovak
Emily Lloyd
Josimar De Alcantara Mendes
Carolyn Ten Holter
Marina Jirotka
Zsofia Lazar
Aaron Kandola
Sonia Livingstone
Kasia Kostryka-Allchorne
Jake Bourgaize
Mariya Stoilova
Marianne Etherson
Chris Greenhalgh
Jim Warren
Vajisha Wanniarachchi
Kevin Glover
Mathijs Lucassen
Karolina Stasiak
Camilla Babbage
Adam Parker
Joanna Lockwood
Elvira Perez Vallejos
Rebecca Woodcock
Sarah Doherty
Lucy-Paige Willingham
author_sort Chris Hollis
collection DOAJ
description Introduction Purrble, a socially assistive robot, was codesigned with children to support in situ emotion regulation. Preliminary evidence has found that LGBTQ+ youth are receptive to Purrble and find it to be an acceptable intervention to assist with emotion dysregulation and their experiences of self-harm. The present study is designed to evaluate the impact of access to Purrble among LGBTQ+ youth who have self-harmful thoughts, when compared with waitlist controls.Methods and analysis The study is a single-blind, randomised control trial comparing access to the Purrble robot with waitlist control. A total of 168 LGBTQ+ youth aged 16–25 years with current self-harmful ideation will be recruited, all based within the UK. The primary outcome is emotion dysregulation (Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale-8) measured weekly across a 13-week period, including three pre-deployment timepoints. Secondary outcomes include self-harm (Self-Harm Questionnaire), anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). We will conduct analyses using linear mixed models to assess primary and secondary hypotheses. Intervention participants will have unlimited access to Purrble over the deployment period, which can be used as much or as little as they like. After all assessments, control participants will receive their Purrble, with all participants keeping the robot after the end of the study. After the study has ended, a subset of participants will be invited to participate in semistructured interviews to explore engagement and appropriation of Purrble, considering the young people’s own views of Purrble as an intervention device.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was received from King’s College London (RESCM-22/23-34570). Findings will be disseminated in peer review open access journals and at academic conferences.Trial registration number NCT06025942.
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spelling doaj-art-d6be4317383c414dad44c336e4e2aef12025-08-20T02:13:28ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552024-01-0114110.1136/bmjopen-2023-079801Enhancing emotion regulation with an in situ socially assistive robot among LGBTQ+ youth with self-harm ideation: protocol for a randomised controlled trialChris Hollis0Kareem KhanPeter Fonagy1Rohan Borschmann2Cathy Creswell3Kapil Sayal4Nitish JawaharA Jess Williams5Ellen Townsend6Dorothee AuerPraveetha PatalayYvonne KellyChristopher R Tench7Paul Stallard8Louise ArseneaultSieun LeeSally MerryCharlotte HallJo GregoryRory O’ConnorEmma NielsenEdmund Sonuga-Barke9Seonaid Cleare10James Gross11Amelia Chapman-Nisar12Nkem Naeche13Petr Slovak14Emily LloydJosimar De Alcantara MendesCarolyn Ten HolterMarina JirotkaZsofia LazarAaron KandolaSonia Livingstone15Kasia Kostryka-AllchorneJake Bourgaize16Mariya Stoilova17Marianne EthersonChris GreenhalghJim WarrenVajisha WanniarachchiKevin GloverMathijs LucassenKarolina StasiakCamilla BabbageAdam ParkerJoanna LockwoodElvira Perez VallejosRebecca WoodcockSarah DohertyLucy-Paige Willingham3 National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK6 Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UKUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, UKDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UKMental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKDepartment of Informatics, King`s College London, London, UKSchool of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKUniversity of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK2 Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UKDepartment of Informatics, King`s College London, London, UKStanford University, Stanford, California, USAUniversity of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKUniversity of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKDepartment of Informatics, King`s College London, London, UKThe London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UKDepartment of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UKDepartment of Media and Communications, The London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UKIntroduction Purrble, a socially assistive robot, was codesigned with children to support in situ emotion regulation. Preliminary evidence has found that LGBTQ+ youth are receptive to Purrble and find it to be an acceptable intervention to assist with emotion dysregulation and their experiences of self-harm. The present study is designed to evaluate the impact of access to Purrble among LGBTQ+ youth who have self-harmful thoughts, when compared with waitlist controls.Methods and analysis The study is a single-blind, randomised control trial comparing access to the Purrble robot with waitlist control. A total of 168 LGBTQ+ youth aged 16–25 years with current self-harmful ideation will be recruited, all based within the UK. The primary outcome is emotion dysregulation (Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale-8) measured weekly across a 13-week period, including three pre-deployment timepoints. Secondary outcomes include self-harm (Self-Harm Questionnaire), anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). We will conduct analyses using linear mixed models to assess primary and secondary hypotheses. Intervention participants will have unlimited access to Purrble over the deployment period, which can be used as much or as little as they like. After all assessments, control participants will receive their Purrble, with all participants keeping the robot after the end of the study. After the study has ended, a subset of participants will be invited to participate in semistructured interviews to explore engagement and appropriation of Purrble, considering the young people’s own views of Purrble as an intervention device.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was received from King’s College London (RESCM-22/23-34570). Findings will be disseminated in peer review open access journals and at academic conferences.Trial registration number NCT06025942.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/1/e079801.full
spellingShingle Chris Hollis
Kareem Khan
Peter Fonagy
Rohan Borschmann
Cathy Creswell
Kapil Sayal
Nitish Jawahar
A Jess Williams
Ellen Townsend
Dorothee Auer
Praveetha Patalay
Yvonne Kelly
Christopher R Tench
Paul Stallard
Louise Arseneault
Sieun Lee
Sally Merry
Charlotte Hall
Jo Gregory
Rory O’Connor
Emma Nielsen
Edmund Sonuga-Barke
Seonaid Cleare
James Gross
Amelia Chapman-Nisar
Nkem Naeche
Petr Slovak
Emily Lloyd
Josimar De Alcantara Mendes
Carolyn Ten Holter
Marina Jirotka
Zsofia Lazar
Aaron Kandola
Sonia Livingstone
Kasia Kostryka-Allchorne
Jake Bourgaize
Mariya Stoilova
Marianne Etherson
Chris Greenhalgh
Jim Warren
Vajisha Wanniarachchi
Kevin Glover
Mathijs Lucassen
Karolina Stasiak
Camilla Babbage
Adam Parker
Joanna Lockwood
Elvira Perez Vallejos
Rebecca Woodcock
Sarah Doherty
Lucy-Paige Willingham
Enhancing emotion regulation with an in situ socially assistive robot among LGBTQ+ youth with self-harm ideation: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
BMJ Open
title Enhancing emotion regulation with an in situ socially assistive robot among LGBTQ+ youth with self-harm ideation: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
title_full Enhancing emotion regulation with an in situ socially assistive robot among LGBTQ+ youth with self-harm ideation: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
title_fullStr Enhancing emotion regulation with an in situ socially assistive robot among LGBTQ+ youth with self-harm ideation: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing emotion regulation with an in situ socially assistive robot among LGBTQ+ youth with self-harm ideation: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
title_short Enhancing emotion regulation with an in situ socially assistive robot among LGBTQ+ youth with self-harm ideation: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
title_sort enhancing emotion regulation with an in situ socially assistive robot among lgbtq youth with self harm ideation protocol for a randomised controlled trial
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/1/e079801.full
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