Indacenodithienothiophene-based A-D-A-type phototheranostics for immuno-phototherapy

Abstract The development of phototherapeutics with high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) and strong ability to generate reactive oxygen species under single near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation for immuno-phototherapy applications remains a significant challenge. Herein, we optimally select...

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Main Authors: Yangtian Ye, Shaojing Zhao, E Pang, Yuanyu Tang, Pan Zhu, Wenjie Gao, Qingxu Diao, Jie Yu, Jie Zeng, Minhuan Lan, Jianing Yi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Nanobiotechnology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03381-3
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author Yangtian Ye
Shaojing Zhao
E Pang
Yuanyu Tang
Pan Zhu
Wenjie Gao
Qingxu Diao
Jie Yu
Jie Zeng
Minhuan Lan
Jianing Yi
author_facet Yangtian Ye
Shaojing Zhao
E Pang
Yuanyu Tang
Pan Zhu
Wenjie Gao
Qingxu Diao
Jie Yu
Jie Zeng
Minhuan Lan
Jianing Yi
author_sort Yangtian Ye
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The development of phototherapeutics with high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) and strong ability to generate reactive oxygen species under single near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation for immuno-phototherapy applications remains a significant challenge. Herein, we optimally selected the molecule IT-4 F with an acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) strucssture to prepare water-dispersible nanoparticles (NPs) by assembly with DSPE-PEG-NH2. Such NPs have NIR absorption and fluorescence peaks at 728 and 817 nm, respectively. They can generate singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide anion (O2 −·) under laser irradiation, with a 1O2 generation quantum yield of 31.5%. They can also effectively convert photon-energy into heat with a high PCE of 42.8%. The outstanding properties of IT-4 F NPs enable them to be used in NIR fluorescence imaging guided photothermal therapy (PTT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Moreover, PDT and PTT triggered immunogenic cell death and PANoptosis in tumor cells, which not only inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in mice model, but also induced a robust immune response, evidenced by increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, dendritic cells, and a decreased presence of immunosuppressive cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells. The efficacy of IT-4 F NPs in organoid of human breast cancer was also verified. Graphical abstract
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spelling doaj-art-d6b50577fb304f2bb592c09bc9ffcba12025-08-20T03:53:32ZengBMCJournal of Nanobiotechnology1477-31552025-04-0123111610.1186/s12951-025-03381-3Indacenodithienothiophene-based A-D-A-type phototheranostics for immuno-phototherapyYangtian Ye0Shaojing Zhao1E Pang2Yuanyu Tang3Pan Zhu4Wenjie Gao5Qingxu Diao6Jie Yu7Jie Zeng8Minhuan Lan9Jianing Yi10Department of Breast and Thyroid Gland Surgery, Hunan Provincial Maternal And Child Health Care HospitalCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South UniversityCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South UniversityCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South UniversityCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South UniversityDepartment of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Breast and Thyroid Gland Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityDepartment of Breast and Thyroid Gland Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityDepartment of Breast and Thyroid Gland Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South UniversityDepartment of Breast and Thyroid Gland Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityAbstract The development of phototherapeutics with high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) and strong ability to generate reactive oxygen species under single near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation for immuno-phototherapy applications remains a significant challenge. Herein, we optimally selected the molecule IT-4 F with an acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) strucssture to prepare water-dispersible nanoparticles (NPs) by assembly with DSPE-PEG-NH2. Such NPs have NIR absorption and fluorescence peaks at 728 and 817 nm, respectively. They can generate singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide anion (O2 −·) under laser irradiation, with a 1O2 generation quantum yield of 31.5%. They can also effectively convert photon-energy into heat with a high PCE of 42.8%. The outstanding properties of IT-4 F NPs enable them to be used in NIR fluorescence imaging guided photothermal therapy (PTT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Moreover, PDT and PTT triggered immunogenic cell death and PANoptosis in tumor cells, which not only inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in mice model, but also induced a robust immune response, evidenced by increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, dendritic cells, and a decreased presence of immunosuppressive cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells. The efficacy of IT-4 F NPs in organoid of human breast cancer was also verified. Graphical abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03381-3Photodynamic therapyPhotothermal therapyImmunogenic cell deathPANoptosisHuman breast cancer
spellingShingle Yangtian Ye
Shaojing Zhao
E Pang
Yuanyu Tang
Pan Zhu
Wenjie Gao
Qingxu Diao
Jie Yu
Jie Zeng
Minhuan Lan
Jianing Yi
Indacenodithienothiophene-based A-D-A-type phototheranostics for immuno-phototherapy
Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Photodynamic therapy
Photothermal therapy
Immunogenic cell death
PANoptosis
Human breast cancer
title Indacenodithienothiophene-based A-D-A-type phototheranostics for immuno-phototherapy
title_full Indacenodithienothiophene-based A-D-A-type phototheranostics for immuno-phototherapy
title_fullStr Indacenodithienothiophene-based A-D-A-type phototheranostics for immuno-phototherapy
title_full_unstemmed Indacenodithienothiophene-based A-D-A-type phototheranostics for immuno-phototherapy
title_short Indacenodithienothiophene-based A-D-A-type phototheranostics for immuno-phototherapy
title_sort indacenodithienothiophene based a d a type phototheranostics for immuno phototherapy
topic Photodynamic therapy
Photothermal therapy
Immunogenic cell death
PANoptosis
Human breast cancer
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03381-3
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