Evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness across the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have resulted in a dramatic reduction in vaccine-type disease in both children and adults. Several expanded PCVs have recently been approved and incorporated into immunization programs for children and adults, with numerous additional vaccine formulations in de...

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Main Author: David C. LaFon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2025.2491855
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author David C. LaFon
author_facet David C. LaFon
author_sort David C. LaFon
collection DOAJ
description Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have resulted in a dramatic reduction in vaccine-type disease in both children and adults. Several expanded PCVs have recently been approved and incorporated into immunization programs for children and adults, with numerous additional vaccine formulations in development or undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. This concise review provides an introduction to the evolving approaches to vaccine evaluation used in the decades since the initial studies of PCV7, followed by a contemporary assessment of challenges and future directions for studies of efficacy, immunogenicity, and real-world effectiveness.
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series Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
spelling doaj-art-d6adb37a2e064c0fb2ebf85f76eaca2f2025-08-20T03:03:21ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2025-12-0121110.1080/21645515.2025.2491855Evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness across the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine eraDavid C. LaFon0Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USAPneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have resulted in a dramatic reduction in vaccine-type disease in both children and adults. Several expanded PCVs have recently been approved and incorporated into immunization programs for children and adults, with numerous additional vaccine formulations in development or undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. This concise review provides an introduction to the evolving approaches to vaccine evaluation used in the decades since the initial studies of PCV7, followed by a contemporary assessment of challenges and future directions for studies of efficacy, immunogenicity, and real-world effectiveness.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2025.2491855Streptococcus pneumoniaeimmunoassaysepidemiologyclinical trialsvaccine response
spellingShingle David C. LaFon
Evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness across the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Streptococcus pneumoniae
immunoassays
epidemiology
clinical trials
vaccine response
title Evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness across the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era
title_full Evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness across the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era
title_fullStr Evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness across the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness across the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era
title_short Evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness across the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era
title_sort evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness across the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era
topic Streptococcus pneumoniae
immunoassays
epidemiology
clinical trials
vaccine response
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2025.2491855
work_keys_str_mv AT davidclafon evaluationofefficacyandeffectivenessacrossthepneumococcalconjugatevaccineera