An in silico analysis of heart rate impact on wall shear stress hemodynamic parameters in aortic coarctation
Abstract This study examines how heart rate (HR) affects hemodynamics in a South African infant with Coarctation of the Aorta. Computed tomography angiography segments aortic coarctation anatomy; Doppler echocardiography derives inlet flow waveforms. Simulations occur at 100, 120, and 160 beats per...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Jie Wang Emily Manchester Alex Skillen Malebogo Ngoepe Bernard Keavney Alistair Revell |
| author_facet | Jie Wang Emily Manchester Alex Skillen Malebogo Ngoepe Bernard Keavney Alistair Revell |
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| description | Abstract This study examines how heart rate (HR) affects hemodynamics in a South African infant with Coarctation of the Aorta. Computed tomography angiography segments aortic coarctation anatomy; Doppler echocardiography derives inlet flow waveforms. Simulations occur at 100, 120, and 160 beats per minute, representing reduced, resting, and elevated HR levels. Turbulence was analyzed over time and space using turbulence-resolving and pulsatile large-eddy simulations. Specifically, a 60% reduction in HR led to a reduction in maximum velocity by 45%, and a 57% decrease in pressure drop. The reduction in turbulence-related metrics was less significant. The ratio of turbulent kinetic energy to total kinetic energy decreased by 2%, while turbulent wall shear stress decreased by 3%. These results demonstrate that HR significantly affects velocity and pressure drop, while turbulence arising from the coarctation region is relatively unaffected. The balance between turbulent kinetic energy and total kinetic energy shows minimal enhancement due to the complex interplay among HR, turbulence, and geometry. This complexity prompts discussion on how HR-slowing medications, such as beta-blockers or ivabradine, could positively influence hemodynamic stresses. In particular, the results indicate that while HR modulation can influence flow dynamics, it may not significantly reduce turbulence-induced shear stresses within the coarctation zone. Therefore, further investigation is necessary to understand the potential impact of HR modulation in the management of CoA, and whether interventions targeting the anatomical correction of the coarctation may be more effective in improving hemodynamic outcomes. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj-art-d6a19dcae8d14fc6abea2af0bbe42b702025-01-26T12:30:22ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115112010.1038/s41598-025-85522-0An in silico analysis of heart rate impact on wall shear stress hemodynamic parameters in aortic coarctationJie Wang0Emily Manchester1Alex Skillen2Malebogo Ngoepe3Bernard Keavney4Alistair Revell5School of Engineering, The University of ManchesterSchool of Engineering, The University of ManchesterSchool of Engineering, The University of ManchesterCentre for Research in Computational and Applied Mechanics, University of Cape TownDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of ManchesterSchool of Engineering, The University of ManchesterAbstract This study examines how heart rate (HR) affects hemodynamics in a South African infant with Coarctation of the Aorta. Computed tomography angiography segments aortic coarctation anatomy; Doppler echocardiography derives inlet flow waveforms. Simulations occur at 100, 120, and 160 beats per minute, representing reduced, resting, and elevated HR levels. Turbulence was analyzed over time and space using turbulence-resolving and pulsatile large-eddy simulations. Specifically, a 60% reduction in HR led to a reduction in maximum velocity by 45%, and a 57% decrease in pressure drop. The reduction in turbulence-related metrics was less significant. The ratio of turbulent kinetic energy to total kinetic energy decreased by 2%, while turbulent wall shear stress decreased by 3%. These results demonstrate that HR significantly affects velocity and pressure drop, while turbulence arising from the coarctation region is relatively unaffected. The balance between turbulent kinetic energy and total kinetic energy shows minimal enhancement due to the complex interplay among HR, turbulence, and geometry. This complexity prompts discussion on how HR-slowing medications, such as beta-blockers or ivabradine, could positively influence hemodynamic stresses. In particular, the results indicate that while HR modulation can influence flow dynamics, it may not significantly reduce turbulence-induced shear stresses within the coarctation zone. Therefore, further investigation is necessary to understand the potential impact of HR modulation in the management of CoA, and whether interventions targeting the anatomical correction of the coarctation may be more effective in improving hemodynamic outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85522-0Coarctation of aorta (CoA)HemodynamicsComputational fluid dynamics (CFD)Turbulent wall shear stressHeart rateLarge Eddy simulation (LES) |
| spellingShingle | Jie Wang Emily Manchester Alex Skillen Malebogo Ngoepe Bernard Keavney Alistair Revell An in silico analysis of heart rate impact on wall shear stress hemodynamic parameters in aortic coarctation Scientific Reports Coarctation of aorta (CoA) Hemodynamics Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Turbulent wall shear stress Heart rate Large Eddy simulation (LES) |
| title | An in silico analysis of heart rate impact on wall shear stress hemodynamic parameters in aortic coarctation |
| title_full | An in silico analysis of heart rate impact on wall shear stress hemodynamic parameters in aortic coarctation |
| title_fullStr | An in silico analysis of heart rate impact on wall shear stress hemodynamic parameters in aortic coarctation |
| title_full_unstemmed | An in silico analysis of heart rate impact on wall shear stress hemodynamic parameters in aortic coarctation |
| title_short | An in silico analysis of heart rate impact on wall shear stress hemodynamic parameters in aortic coarctation |
| title_sort | in silico analysis of heart rate impact on wall shear stress hemodynamic parameters in aortic coarctation |
| topic | Coarctation of aorta (CoA) Hemodynamics Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Turbulent wall shear stress Heart rate Large Eddy simulation (LES) |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85522-0 |
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