Evaluation of high-moisture oat silage inoculated with synthetic lactic acid bacteria consortia in mini-silos: fermentation, microbial, metabolic and safety profiles
This work evaluated the effects of five synthetic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) consortia (CM1-CM5) on the fermentation, microbial, metabolic, and safety profiles of high-moisture oat silage. PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing was employed to characterise microbial communities due to its long-...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Italian Journal of Animal Science |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2025.2514711 |
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| author | Cheng Zong Longxin Wang Jie Zhao Zhihao Dong Junfeng Li Xianjun Yuan Chengti Xu Tao Shao |
| author_facet | Cheng Zong Longxin Wang Jie Zhao Zhihao Dong Junfeng Li Xianjun Yuan Chengti Xu Tao Shao |
| author_sort | Cheng Zong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work evaluated the effects of five synthetic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) consortia (CM1-CM5) on the fermentation, microbial, metabolic, and safety profiles of high-moisture oat silage. PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing was employed to characterise microbial communities due to its long-read capability and high-accuracy HiFi reads. The control group showed severe clostridial fermentation, indicated by 54.2 g/kg dry matter (DM) of butyrate. In contrast, LAB consortia increased homofermentation, prevented clostridial fermentation and reduced butyrate concentration (1.58–3.91 g/kg DM), thereby improving fermentation quality, with CM2 and CM4 exhibiting superior fermentation performance. Bacterial community succession demonstrated that LAB consortia suppressed Clostridium tyrobutyricum growth at 45 d. In co-occurrence networks analysis, CM2 and CM4 reduced the complexity of the network, with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici identified as keystone species . Functional prediction showed that LAB consortia upregulated glycolysis , and downregulated pentose phosphate pathway and butanoate metabolism. In microbial phenotype analysis, CM2 and CM4 reduced pathogenic risks associated with the microbial load in oat silage, as evidenced by the lower proportions of undesirable phenotypes compared to fresh oat and control. Overall, CM2 and CM4 improved fermentation quality and reduced pathogenic risks, making them ideal inoculants for ensuring the quality and safety of high-moisture oat silage. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d6904416b17e4e9b87e9cf170bdd549e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1594-4077 1828-051X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Italian Journal of Animal Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-d6904416b17e4e9b87e9cf170bdd549e2025-08-20T03:22:08ZengTaylor & Francis GroupItalian Journal of Animal Science1594-40771828-051X2025-12-012411353136910.1080/1828051X.2025.25147112514711Evaluation of high-moisture oat silage inoculated with synthetic lactic acid bacteria consortia in mini-silos: fermentation, microbial, metabolic and safety profilesCheng Zong0Longxin Wang1Jie Zhao2Zhihao Dong3Junfeng Li4Xianjun Yuan5Chengti Xu6Tao Shao7Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityGrassland Research Institute of Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineInstitute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityThis work evaluated the effects of five synthetic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) consortia (CM1-CM5) on the fermentation, microbial, metabolic, and safety profiles of high-moisture oat silage. PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing was employed to characterise microbial communities due to its long-read capability and high-accuracy HiFi reads. The control group showed severe clostridial fermentation, indicated by 54.2 g/kg dry matter (DM) of butyrate. In contrast, LAB consortia increased homofermentation, prevented clostridial fermentation and reduced butyrate concentration (1.58–3.91 g/kg DM), thereby improving fermentation quality, with CM2 and CM4 exhibiting superior fermentation performance. Bacterial community succession demonstrated that LAB consortia suppressed Clostridium tyrobutyricum growth at 45 d. In co-occurrence networks analysis, CM2 and CM4 reduced the complexity of the network, with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici identified as keystone species . Functional prediction showed that LAB consortia upregulated glycolysis , and downregulated pentose phosphate pathway and butanoate metabolism. In microbial phenotype analysis, CM2 and CM4 reduced pathogenic risks associated with the microbial load in oat silage, as evidenced by the lower proportions of undesirable phenotypes compared to fresh oat and control. Overall, CM2 and CM4 improved fermentation quality and reduced pathogenic risks, making them ideal inoculants for ensuring the quality and safety of high-moisture oat silage.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2025.2514711high-moisture oat silagelactic acid bacteria consortiakeystone speciesacidogenic metabolic pathwaysphenotypes |
| spellingShingle | Cheng Zong Longxin Wang Jie Zhao Zhihao Dong Junfeng Li Xianjun Yuan Chengti Xu Tao Shao Evaluation of high-moisture oat silage inoculated with synthetic lactic acid bacteria consortia in mini-silos: fermentation, microbial, metabolic and safety profiles Italian Journal of Animal Science high-moisture oat silage lactic acid bacteria consortia keystone species acidogenic metabolic pathways phenotypes |
| title | Evaluation of high-moisture oat silage inoculated with synthetic lactic acid bacteria consortia in mini-silos: fermentation, microbial, metabolic and safety profiles |
| title_full | Evaluation of high-moisture oat silage inoculated with synthetic lactic acid bacteria consortia in mini-silos: fermentation, microbial, metabolic and safety profiles |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of high-moisture oat silage inoculated with synthetic lactic acid bacteria consortia in mini-silos: fermentation, microbial, metabolic and safety profiles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of high-moisture oat silage inoculated with synthetic lactic acid bacteria consortia in mini-silos: fermentation, microbial, metabolic and safety profiles |
| title_short | Evaluation of high-moisture oat silage inoculated with synthetic lactic acid bacteria consortia in mini-silos: fermentation, microbial, metabolic and safety profiles |
| title_sort | evaluation of high moisture oat silage inoculated with synthetic lactic acid bacteria consortia in mini silos fermentation microbial metabolic and safety profiles |
| topic | high-moisture oat silage lactic acid bacteria consortia keystone species acidogenic metabolic pathways phenotypes |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2025.2514711 |
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