Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aster incisus through the Inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages
Aster incisus is a common flower found in almost all regions of South Korea. In the current study, we investigated the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the Aster incisus methanol extract in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We analyzed the phytochemicals contained in the extra...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4675204 |
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| author | Daniel Ngabire Yeong-Ae Seong Maheshkumar Prakash Patil Irvine Niyonizigiye Yong Bae Seo Gun-Do Kim |
| author_facet | Daniel Ngabire Yeong-Ae Seong Maheshkumar Prakash Patil Irvine Niyonizigiye Yong Bae Seo Gun-Do Kim |
| author_sort | Daniel Ngabire |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aster incisus is a common flower found in almost all regions of South Korea. In the current study, we investigated the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the Aster incisus methanol extract in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We analyzed the phytochemicals contained in the extract by GC-MS. GC-MS results showed that the Aster incisus extract contains 9 known compounds. Later on, DPPH assay, WST-1 assay, nitric oxide (NO) assay, Western blot, and RT-PCR were conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the extract. Our WST-1 assay results revealed that Aster incisus did not affect the viability of all tested cell lines up to a concentration of 200 μg/ml; therefore, lower concentrations (50 μg/ml and 150 μg/ml) were used for further assays. Aster incisus scavenged DPPH and inhibited the production of NO. Aster incisus also reduced significantly the production of inflammation-related enzymes (iNOS, Cox-2) and cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6) and the gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokines. Additionally, further Western blot results indicated that Aster incisus inhibited the expression of p-PI3K, p-IκBα, p-p65 NF-κB, p-ERK1/2, p-SAPK/JNK, and p-Akt. Our results demonstrated that Aster incisus suppressed the expression of the inflammation mediators through the regulation of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt pathways. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d6870a348234499ca3cfed4e336523e0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mediators of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj-art-d6870a348234499ca3cfed4e336523e02025-02-03T06:12:07ZengWileyMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612018-01-01201810.1155/2018/46752044675204Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aster incisus through the Inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 MacrophagesDaniel Ngabire0Yeong-Ae Seong1Maheshkumar Prakash Patil2Irvine Niyonizigiye3Yong Bae Seo4Gun-Do Kim5Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Marine Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of KoreaAster incisus is a common flower found in almost all regions of South Korea. In the current study, we investigated the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the Aster incisus methanol extract in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We analyzed the phytochemicals contained in the extract by GC-MS. GC-MS results showed that the Aster incisus extract contains 9 known compounds. Later on, DPPH assay, WST-1 assay, nitric oxide (NO) assay, Western blot, and RT-PCR were conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the extract. Our WST-1 assay results revealed that Aster incisus did not affect the viability of all tested cell lines up to a concentration of 200 μg/ml; therefore, lower concentrations (50 μg/ml and 150 μg/ml) were used for further assays. Aster incisus scavenged DPPH and inhibited the production of NO. Aster incisus also reduced significantly the production of inflammation-related enzymes (iNOS, Cox-2) and cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6) and the gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokines. Additionally, further Western blot results indicated that Aster incisus inhibited the expression of p-PI3K, p-IκBα, p-p65 NF-κB, p-ERK1/2, p-SAPK/JNK, and p-Akt. Our results demonstrated that Aster incisus suppressed the expression of the inflammation mediators through the regulation of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt pathways.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4675204 |
| spellingShingle | Daniel Ngabire Yeong-Ae Seong Maheshkumar Prakash Patil Irvine Niyonizigiye Yong Bae Seo Gun-Do Kim Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aster incisus through the Inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages Mediators of Inflammation |
| title | Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aster incisus through the Inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages |
| title_full | Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aster incisus through the Inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages |
| title_fullStr | Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aster incisus through the Inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aster incisus through the Inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages |
| title_short | Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aster incisus through the Inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and Akt Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages |
| title_sort | anti inflammatory effects of aster incisus through the inhibition of nf κb mapk and akt pathways in lps stimulated raw 264 7 macrophages |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4675204 |
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