Expression of norA, norB and norC efflux pump genes mediating fluoroquinolones resistance in MRSA isolates
Introduction: Although fluoroquinolones are used to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced infections, acquisition of antibiotic resistance by bacteria has impaired their clinical relevance. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of norA, norB, and norC efflux pump genes-media...
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| author | Asmaa B Hamady Noha M Abd El-Fadeal Samar Imbaby Hassnaa MA Nassar Mohamed Gamal Sakr Yara E Marei |
| author_facet | Asmaa B Hamady Noha M Abd El-Fadeal Samar Imbaby Hassnaa MA Nassar Mohamed Gamal Sakr Yara E Marei |
| author_sort | Asmaa B Hamady |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Introduction: Although fluoroquinolones are used to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced infections, acquisition of antibiotic resistance by bacteria has impaired their clinical relevance. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of norA, norB, and norC efflux pump genes-mediating fluoroquinolones resistance and measure their expression levels in MRSA isolates.
Methodology: 126 S. aureus isolates were collected from different clinical samples of adult hospitalized patients and identified by conventional microbiological methods. MRSA was diagnosed by cefoxitin disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin by broth microdilution method. The expression levels of efflux pump genes were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results: 80 (63.5%) MRSA isolates were identified and showed high level of resistance to erythromycin (80%), gentamicin (75%), clindamycin (65%) and ciprofloxacin (60 %). norA, norB and norC were detected in 75%, 35% and 55% of the MRSA isolates respectively. norC was the most commonly overexpressed gene measured by qRT-PCR, occurring in 40% of MRSA isolates, followed by norA (35%) and norB (30%). The expression of these genes was significantly higher in ciprofloxacin-resistant than quantitative real-time PCR ciprofloxacin-sensitive MRSA isolates.
Conclusions: This study showed high prevalence and overexpression of efflux pump genes among MRSA isolates which indicates the significant role of these genes in the development of multidrug resistance against antibiotics including fluoroquinolones.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d67f4581a8d24182bb898a7f7c528983 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-d67f4581a8d24182bb898a7f7c5289832025-08-20T02:57:17ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802024-03-01180310.3855/jidc.18877Expression of norA, norB and norC efflux pump genes mediating fluoroquinolones resistance in MRSA isolatesAsmaa B Hamady0Noha M Abd El-Fadeal1Samar Imbaby2Hassnaa MA Nassar3Mohamed Gamal Sakr4Yara E Marei5Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, EgyptMedical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, EgyptClinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, EgyptClinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, EgyptTropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, EgyptMedical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt Introduction: Although fluoroquinolones are used to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced infections, acquisition of antibiotic resistance by bacteria has impaired their clinical relevance. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of norA, norB, and norC efflux pump genes-mediating fluoroquinolones resistance and measure their expression levels in MRSA isolates. Methodology: 126 S. aureus isolates were collected from different clinical samples of adult hospitalized patients and identified by conventional microbiological methods. MRSA was diagnosed by cefoxitin disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin by broth microdilution method. The expression levels of efflux pump genes were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: 80 (63.5%) MRSA isolates were identified and showed high level of resistance to erythromycin (80%), gentamicin (75%), clindamycin (65%) and ciprofloxacin (60 %). norA, norB and norC were detected in 75%, 35% and 55% of the MRSA isolates respectively. norC was the most commonly overexpressed gene measured by qRT-PCR, occurring in 40% of MRSA isolates, followed by norA (35%) and norB (30%). The expression of these genes was significantly higher in ciprofloxacin-resistant than quantitative real-time PCR ciprofloxacin-sensitive MRSA isolates. Conclusions: This study showed high prevalence and overexpression of efflux pump genes among MRSA isolates which indicates the significant role of these genes in the development of multidrug resistance against antibiotics including fluoroquinolones. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18877efflux pump genesfluoroquinolonesMRSAnorAnorBnorC |
| spellingShingle | Asmaa B Hamady Noha M Abd El-Fadeal Samar Imbaby Hassnaa MA Nassar Mohamed Gamal Sakr Yara E Marei Expression of norA, norB and norC efflux pump genes mediating fluoroquinolones resistance in MRSA isolates Journal of Infection in Developing Countries efflux pump genes fluoroquinolones MRSA norA norB norC |
| title | Expression of norA, norB and norC efflux pump genes mediating fluoroquinolones resistance in MRSA isolates |
| title_full | Expression of norA, norB and norC efflux pump genes mediating fluoroquinolones resistance in MRSA isolates |
| title_fullStr | Expression of norA, norB and norC efflux pump genes mediating fluoroquinolones resistance in MRSA isolates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Expression of norA, norB and norC efflux pump genes mediating fluoroquinolones resistance in MRSA isolates |
| title_short | Expression of norA, norB and norC efflux pump genes mediating fluoroquinolones resistance in MRSA isolates |
| title_sort | expression of nora norb and norc efflux pump genes mediating fluoroquinolones resistance in mrsa isolates |
| topic | efflux pump genes fluoroquinolones MRSA norA norB norC |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/18877 |
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