Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis
AimIn adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperglycemia and related complications may impair skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and quality, leading to reduced motor function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of interval walking training (IWT) on three motor function indicators: peak vertic...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1544831/full |
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| author | Masanori Yamazaki Manami Hosokawa Kohei Kitajima Mitsuhisa Komatsu |
| author_facet | Masanori Yamazaki Manami Hosokawa Kohei Kitajima Mitsuhisa Komatsu |
| author_sort | Masanori Yamazaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | AimIn adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperglycemia and related complications may impair skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and quality, leading to reduced motor function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of interval walking training (IWT) on three motor function indicators: peak vertical ground reaction force normalized by body weight (F/w), rate of force development normalized by body weight (RFD/w), and balance index score (BIS).MethodsThis retrospective analysis utilized data from a previous pilot trial of IWT. Changes in motor function were assessed using a motor function analyzer, and factors associated with these changes were identified using multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsAmong 51 adults with T2DM (including 24 aged ≥65 years), IWT significantly improved F/w (median [IQR]: 1.32 [1.26–1.36] to 1.32 [1.27–1.38] kgf/kg, p = 0.038), RFD/w (9.50 [8.03–13.12] to 10.2 [9.43–11.00] kgf/s/kg, p = 0.001), and BIS (52.0 [44.5–55.0] to 54.0 [48.0–56.0], p = 0.020). Notably, RFD/w showed significant improvement in both older (≥65 years: 9.45 [8.25–10.05] to 10.10 [8.80–10.45], p = 0.025) and non-older adults (<65 years: 9.90 [7.75–11.18] to 10.80 [9.58–11.85], p = 0.005). Baseline muscle quality was associated with changes in F/w and RFD/w, while increased leg SMM was linked to improvements in BIS.ConclusionsIWT may serve as a potential contributor to improved motor function in adults with T2DM, particularly when combined with strategies to maintain or enhance skeletal muscle quality and quantity. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d66ace026f19431889e98d8a9d7908192025-08-20T02:31:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-06-011610.3389/fendo.2025.15448311544831Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysisMasanori YamazakiManami HosokawaKohei KitajimaMitsuhisa KomatsuAimIn adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperglycemia and related complications may impair skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and quality, leading to reduced motor function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of interval walking training (IWT) on three motor function indicators: peak vertical ground reaction force normalized by body weight (F/w), rate of force development normalized by body weight (RFD/w), and balance index score (BIS).MethodsThis retrospective analysis utilized data from a previous pilot trial of IWT. Changes in motor function were assessed using a motor function analyzer, and factors associated with these changes were identified using multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsAmong 51 adults with T2DM (including 24 aged ≥65 years), IWT significantly improved F/w (median [IQR]: 1.32 [1.26–1.36] to 1.32 [1.27–1.38] kgf/kg, p = 0.038), RFD/w (9.50 [8.03–13.12] to 10.2 [9.43–11.00] kgf/s/kg, p = 0.001), and BIS (52.0 [44.5–55.0] to 54.0 [48.0–56.0], p = 0.020). Notably, RFD/w showed significant improvement in both older (≥65 years: 9.45 [8.25–10.05] to 10.10 [8.80–10.45], p = 0.025) and non-older adults (<65 years: 9.90 [7.75–11.18] to 10.80 [9.58–11.85], p = 0.005). Baseline muscle quality was associated with changes in F/w and RFD/w, while increased leg SMM was linked to improvements in BIS.ConclusionsIWT may serve as a potential contributor to improved motor function in adults with T2DM, particularly when combined with strategies to maintain or enhance skeletal muscle quality and quantity.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1544831/fulltype 2 diabetes mellitusinterval walking trainingmotor functionmuscle qualitymuscle mass |
| spellingShingle | Masanori Yamazaki Manami Hosokawa Kohei Kitajima Mitsuhisa Komatsu Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis Frontiers in Endocrinology type 2 diabetes mellitus interval walking training motor function muscle quality muscle mass |
| title | Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis |
| title_full | Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis |
| title_fullStr | Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis |
| title_short | Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis |
| title_sort | interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus a retrospective analysis |
| topic | type 2 diabetes mellitus interval walking training motor function muscle quality muscle mass |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1544831/full |
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