Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis

AimIn adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperglycemia and related complications may impair skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and quality, leading to reduced motor function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of interval walking training (IWT) on three motor function indicators: peak vertic...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Masanori Yamazaki, Manami Hosokawa, Kohei Kitajima, Mitsuhisa Komatsu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Endocrinology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1544831/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850136283384381440
author Masanori Yamazaki
Manami Hosokawa
Kohei Kitajima
Mitsuhisa Komatsu
author_facet Masanori Yamazaki
Manami Hosokawa
Kohei Kitajima
Mitsuhisa Komatsu
author_sort Masanori Yamazaki
collection DOAJ
description AimIn adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperglycemia and related complications may impair skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and quality, leading to reduced motor function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of interval walking training (IWT) on three motor function indicators: peak vertical ground reaction force normalized by body weight (F/w), rate of force development normalized by body weight (RFD/w), and balance index score (BIS).MethodsThis retrospective analysis utilized data from a previous pilot trial of IWT. Changes in motor function were assessed using a motor function analyzer, and factors associated with these changes were identified using multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsAmong 51 adults with T2DM (including 24 aged ≥65 years), IWT significantly improved F/w (median [IQR]: 1.32 [1.26–1.36] to 1.32 [1.27–1.38] kgf/kg, p = 0.038), RFD/w (9.50 [8.03–13.12] to 10.2 [9.43–11.00] kgf/s/kg, p = 0.001), and BIS (52.0 [44.5–55.0] to 54.0 [48.0–56.0], p = 0.020). Notably, RFD/w showed significant improvement in both older (≥65 years: 9.45 [8.25–10.05] to 10.10 [8.80–10.45], p = 0.025) and non-older adults (<65 years: 9.90 [7.75–11.18] to 10.80 [9.58–11.85], p = 0.005). Baseline muscle quality was associated with changes in F/w and RFD/w, while increased leg SMM was linked to improvements in BIS.ConclusionsIWT may serve as a potential contributor to improved motor function in adults with T2DM, particularly when combined with strategies to maintain or enhance skeletal muscle quality and quantity.
format Article
id doaj-art-d66ace026f19431889e98d8a9d790819
institution OA Journals
issn 1664-2392
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Endocrinology
spelling doaj-art-d66ace026f19431889e98d8a9d7908192025-08-20T02:31:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-06-011610.3389/fendo.2025.15448311544831Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysisMasanori YamazakiManami HosokawaKohei KitajimaMitsuhisa KomatsuAimIn adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperglycemia and related complications may impair skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and quality, leading to reduced motor function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of interval walking training (IWT) on three motor function indicators: peak vertical ground reaction force normalized by body weight (F/w), rate of force development normalized by body weight (RFD/w), and balance index score (BIS).MethodsThis retrospective analysis utilized data from a previous pilot trial of IWT. Changes in motor function were assessed using a motor function analyzer, and factors associated with these changes were identified using multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsAmong 51 adults with T2DM (including 24 aged ≥65 years), IWT significantly improved F/w (median [IQR]: 1.32 [1.26–1.36] to 1.32 [1.27–1.38] kgf/kg, p = 0.038), RFD/w (9.50 [8.03–13.12] to 10.2 [9.43–11.00] kgf/s/kg, p = 0.001), and BIS (52.0 [44.5–55.0] to 54.0 [48.0–56.0], p = 0.020). Notably, RFD/w showed significant improvement in both older (≥65 years: 9.45 [8.25–10.05] to 10.10 [8.80–10.45], p = 0.025) and non-older adults (<65 years: 9.90 [7.75–11.18] to 10.80 [9.58–11.85], p = 0.005). Baseline muscle quality was associated with changes in F/w and RFD/w, while increased leg SMM was linked to improvements in BIS.ConclusionsIWT may serve as a potential contributor to improved motor function in adults with T2DM, particularly when combined with strategies to maintain or enhance skeletal muscle quality and quantity.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1544831/fulltype 2 diabetes mellitusinterval walking trainingmotor functionmuscle qualitymuscle mass
spellingShingle Masanori Yamazaki
Manami Hosokawa
Kohei Kitajima
Mitsuhisa Komatsu
Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis
Frontiers in Endocrinology
type 2 diabetes mellitus
interval walking training
motor function
muscle quality
muscle mass
title Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis
title_full Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis
title_fullStr Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis
title_full_unstemmed Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis
title_short Interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective analysis
title_sort interval walking training as a potential contributor to motor function improvement in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus a retrospective analysis
topic type 2 diabetes mellitus
interval walking training
motor function
muscle quality
muscle mass
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1544831/full
work_keys_str_mv AT masanoriyamazaki intervalwalkingtrainingasapotentialcontributortomotorfunctionimprovementinadultswithtype2diabetesmellitusaretrospectiveanalysis
AT manamihosokawa intervalwalkingtrainingasapotentialcontributortomotorfunctionimprovementinadultswithtype2diabetesmellitusaretrospectiveanalysis
AT koheikitajima intervalwalkingtrainingasapotentialcontributortomotorfunctionimprovementinadultswithtype2diabetesmellitusaretrospectiveanalysis
AT mitsuhisakomatsu intervalwalkingtrainingasapotentialcontributortomotorfunctionimprovementinadultswithtype2diabetesmellitusaretrospectiveanalysis