Percolative sulfide core formation in oxidized planetary bodies

Abstract Models of planetary core formation traditionally involve the fractionation of Fe,Ni-metal melts from silicate mantles after extensive silicate melting. However, in planetary bodies that form farther from their central star, where moderately volatile elements are more abundant, high concentr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Samuel D. Crossley, Jacob B. Setera, Brendan A. Anzures, Kayla Iacovino, Wayne P. Buckley, Scott A. Eckley, Evan W. O’Neal, Jessica A. Maisano, Justin I. Simon, Kevin Righter
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58517-8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849734771591086080
author Samuel D. Crossley
Jacob B. Setera
Brendan A. Anzures
Kayla Iacovino
Wayne P. Buckley
Scott A. Eckley
Evan W. O’Neal
Jessica A. Maisano
Justin I. Simon
Kevin Righter
author_facet Samuel D. Crossley
Jacob B. Setera
Brendan A. Anzures
Kayla Iacovino
Wayne P. Buckley
Scott A. Eckley
Evan W. O’Neal
Jessica A. Maisano
Justin I. Simon
Kevin Righter
author_sort Samuel D. Crossley
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Models of planetary core formation traditionally involve the fractionation of Fe,Ni-metal melts from silicate mantles after extensive silicate melting. However, in planetary bodies that form farther from their central star, where moderately volatile elements are more abundant, high concentrations of oxygen and sulfur stabilize Fe,Ni-sulfides over metals. Here we show that percolative sulfide melt migration can occur in primitive, oxidized mineral assemblages prior to silicate melting in partial melting experiments with meteorites. Complementary experiments with partially molten synthetic sulfides show that fractionation of liquid sulfide from solid residues yields distinct noble metal (Os, Ru, Ir, Pd, and Pt) trace element proportions that match those manifested in the most oxidized meteoritic residues, the brachinites, as well as their complementary basaltic silicate melts. Our experiments provide robust evidence for percolative sulfide melt fractionation in meteorites and indicate that sulfide-dominated cores would be expected in oxidized planetary bodies, including Mars.
format Article
id doaj-art-d64c8f3349a74ab58c9d62b1bbb1b8f0
institution DOAJ
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-d64c8f3349a74ab58c9d62b1bbb1b8f02025-08-20T03:07:43ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-04-0116111110.1038/s41467-025-58517-8Percolative sulfide core formation in oxidized planetary bodiesSamuel D. Crossley0Jacob B. Setera1Brendan A. Anzures2Kayla Iacovino3Wayne P. Buckley4Scott A. Eckley5Evan W. O’Neal6Jessica A. Maisano7Justin I. Simon8Kevin Righter9NASA Johnson Space CenterCASSMAR, University of Texas at El Paso - Jacobs JETS II Contract, NASA Johnson Space CenterJacobs-JETS, Astromaterials Research and Exploration Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space CenterJacobs-JETS, Astromaterials Research and Exploration Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space CenterJacobs-JETS, Astromaterials Research and Exploration Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space CenterJacobs-JETS, Astromaterials Research and Exploration Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space CenterJacobs-JETS, Astromaterials Research and Exploration Sciences Division, NASA Johnson Space CenterJackson School of Geosciences, The University of TexasNASA Johnson Space CenterNASA Johnson Space CenterAbstract Models of planetary core formation traditionally involve the fractionation of Fe,Ni-metal melts from silicate mantles after extensive silicate melting. However, in planetary bodies that form farther from their central star, where moderately volatile elements are more abundant, high concentrations of oxygen and sulfur stabilize Fe,Ni-sulfides over metals. Here we show that percolative sulfide melt migration can occur in primitive, oxidized mineral assemblages prior to silicate melting in partial melting experiments with meteorites. Complementary experiments with partially molten synthetic sulfides show that fractionation of liquid sulfide from solid residues yields distinct noble metal (Os, Ru, Ir, Pd, and Pt) trace element proportions that match those manifested in the most oxidized meteoritic residues, the brachinites, as well as their complementary basaltic silicate melts. Our experiments provide robust evidence for percolative sulfide melt fractionation in meteorites and indicate that sulfide-dominated cores would be expected in oxidized planetary bodies, including Mars.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58517-8
spellingShingle Samuel D. Crossley
Jacob B. Setera
Brendan A. Anzures
Kayla Iacovino
Wayne P. Buckley
Scott A. Eckley
Evan W. O’Neal
Jessica A. Maisano
Justin I. Simon
Kevin Righter
Percolative sulfide core formation in oxidized planetary bodies
Nature Communications
title Percolative sulfide core formation in oxidized planetary bodies
title_full Percolative sulfide core formation in oxidized planetary bodies
title_fullStr Percolative sulfide core formation in oxidized planetary bodies
title_full_unstemmed Percolative sulfide core formation in oxidized planetary bodies
title_short Percolative sulfide core formation in oxidized planetary bodies
title_sort percolative sulfide core formation in oxidized planetary bodies
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58517-8
work_keys_str_mv AT samueldcrossley percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies
AT jacobbsetera percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies
AT brendanaanzures percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies
AT kaylaiacovino percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies
AT waynepbuckley percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies
AT scottaeckley percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies
AT evanwoneal percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies
AT jessicaamaisano percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies
AT justinisimon percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies
AT kevinrighter percolativesulfidecoreformationinoxidizedplanetarybodies