Experiments Studying the Instability Process of a Subway Tunnel in Soil–Rock Composite Strata Influenced by Defects
Subway tunnels excavated in soil–rock composite strata face great challenges due to the prevalence of inner defects. The instability of tunnels in these strata poses significant risks to construction safety. In this paper, indoor experiments are adopted to study the instability process of a subway t...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Buildings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/6/878 |
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| author | Ruichuan Zhao Yunfei Zheng Yongjian Guo Shaoshun Luan Sulei Zhang |
| author_facet | Ruichuan Zhao Yunfei Zheng Yongjian Guo Shaoshun Luan Sulei Zhang |
| author_sort | Ruichuan Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Subway tunnels excavated in soil–rock composite strata face great challenges due to the prevalence of inner defects. The instability of tunnels in these strata poses significant risks to construction safety. In this paper, indoor experiments are adopted to study the instability process of a subway tunnel in soil–rock composite strata influenced by inner cavities. A total of six groups of tests are designed based on the location of the cavity and the distance of the cavity from the tunnel. High-resolution monitoring techniques are employed to capture the real-time deformation and failure process of strata. The results show that a cavity in the strata significantly affects the stability of the strata after the tunnel excavation. The existence of a cavity increases ground deformation, and a cavity at different locations affects ground deformation. The strata around the cavity are the first to experience failure by the upper loads applied after the tunnel is excavated. The location of the cavity changes the stress distribution state of the strata and thus alters the emergence of cracks, which finally disturbs the collapse process and pattern of the composite strata. The probability and collapse range increase when the tunnel excavation impact zone is connected with the cavity weakening zone. The findings can provide technical support for the collapse prevention and safety control of subway tunnels in composite strata with internal defects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d62d6dd476024f13981023f2a3bcdcb0 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Buildings |
| spelling | doaj-art-d62d6dd476024f13981023f2a3bcdcb02025-08-20T02:11:15ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092025-03-0115687810.3390/buildings15060878Experiments Studying the Instability Process of a Subway Tunnel in Soil–Rock Composite Strata Influenced by DefectsRuichuan Zhao0Yunfei Zheng1Yongjian Guo2Shaoshun Luan3Sulei Zhang4CCCC HIGHWAY CONSULTANTS Co., Ltd., Beijing 100010, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, ChinaQingdao Conson Second Jiaozhou Bay Subsea Tunnel Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266071, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, ChinaSubway tunnels excavated in soil–rock composite strata face great challenges due to the prevalence of inner defects. The instability of tunnels in these strata poses significant risks to construction safety. In this paper, indoor experiments are adopted to study the instability process of a subway tunnel in soil–rock composite strata influenced by inner cavities. A total of six groups of tests are designed based on the location of the cavity and the distance of the cavity from the tunnel. High-resolution monitoring techniques are employed to capture the real-time deformation and failure process of strata. The results show that a cavity in the strata significantly affects the stability of the strata after the tunnel excavation. The existence of a cavity increases ground deformation, and a cavity at different locations affects ground deformation. The strata around the cavity are the first to experience failure by the upper loads applied after the tunnel is excavated. The location of the cavity changes the stress distribution state of the strata and thus alters the emergence of cracks, which finally disturbs the collapse process and pattern of the composite strata. The probability and collapse range increase when the tunnel excavation impact zone is connected with the cavity weakening zone. The findings can provide technical support for the collapse prevention and safety control of subway tunnels in composite strata with internal defects.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/6/878soil–rock composite stratainner defectinstability processground deformationindoor experiment |
| spellingShingle | Ruichuan Zhao Yunfei Zheng Yongjian Guo Shaoshun Luan Sulei Zhang Experiments Studying the Instability Process of a Subway Tunnel in Soil–Rock Composite Strata Influenced by Defects Buildings soil–rock composite strata inner defect instability process ground deformation indoor experiment |
| title | Experiments Studying the Instability Process of a Subway Tunnel in Soil–Rock Composite Strata Influenced by Defects |
| title_full | Experiments Studying the Instability Process of a Subway Tunnel in Soil–Rock Composite Strata Influenced by Defects |
| title_fullStr | Experiments Studying the Instability Process of a Subway Tunnel in Soil–Rock Composite Strata Influenced by Defects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experiments Studying the Instability Process of a Subway Tunnel in Soil–Rock Composite Strata Influenced by Defects |
| title_short | Experiments Studying the Instability Process of a Subway Tunnel in Soil–Rock Composite Strata Influenced by Defects |
| title_sort | experiments studying the instability process of a subway tunnel in soil rock composite strata influenced by defects |
| topic | soil–rock composite strata inner defect instability process ground deformation indoor experiment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/6/878 |
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