Population Genetics Meets Ecology: A Guide to Individual‐Based Simulations in Continuous Landscapes

ABSTRACT Individual‐based simulation has become an increasingly crucial tool for many fields of population biology. However, continuous geography is important to many applications, and implementing realistic and stable simulations in continuous space presents a variety of difficulties, from modeling...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Elizabeth T. Chevy, Jiseon Min, Victoria Caudill, Samuel E. Champer, Benjamin C. Haller, Clara T. Rehmann, Chris C. R. Smith, Silas Tittes, Philipp W. Messer, Andrew D. Kern, Sohini Ramachandran, Peter L. Ralph
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-04-01
Series:Ecology and Evolution
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71098
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849433798882623488
author Elizabeth T. Chevy
Jiseon Min
Victoria Caudill
Samuel E. Champer
Benjamin C. Haller
Clara T. Rehmann
Chris C. R. Smith
Silas Tittes
Philipp W. Messer
Andrew D. Kern
Sohini Ramachandran
Peter L. Ralph
author_facet Elizabeth T. Chevy
Jiseon Min
Victoria Caudill
Samuel E. Champer
Benjamin C. Haller
Clara T. Rehmann
Chris C. R. Smith
Silas Tittes
Philipp W. Messer
Andrew D. Kern
Sohini Ramachandran
Peter L. Ralph
author_sort Elizabeth T. Chevy
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Individual‐based simulation has become an increasingly crucial tool for many fields of population biology. However, continuous geography is important to many applications, and implementing realistic and stable simulations in continuous space presents a variety of difficulties, from modeling choices to computational efficiency. This paper aims to be a practical guide to spatial simulation, helping researchers to implement individual‐based simulations and avoid common pitfalls. To do this, we delve into mechanisms of mating, reproduction, density‐dependent feedback, and dispersal, all of which may vary across the landscape, discuss how these affect population dynamics, and describe how to parameterize simulations in convenient ways (for instance, to achieve a desired population density). We also demonstrate how to implement these models using the current version of the individual‐based simulator, SLiM. We additionally discuss natural selection—in particular, how genetic variation can affect demographic processes. Finally, we provide four short vignettes: simulations of pikas that shift their range up a mountain as temperatures rise; mosquitoes that live in rivers as juveniles and experience seasonally changing habitat; cane toads that expand across Australia, reaching 120 million individuals; and monarch butterflies whose populations are regulated by an explicitly modeled resource (milkweed).
format Article
id doaj-art-d62c688455844bd3af2b9dcfacf71f27
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-7758
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Ecology and Evolution
spelling doaj-art-d62c688455844bd3af2b9dcfacf71f272025-08-20T03:26:53ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582025-04-01154n/an/a10.1002/ece3.71098Population Genetics Meets Ecology: A Guide to Individual‐Based Simulations in Continuous LandscapesElizabeth T. Chevy0Jiseon Min1Victoria Caudill2Samuel E. Champer3Benjamin C. Haller4Clara T. Rehmann5Chris C. R. Smith6Silas Tittes7Philipp W. Messer8Andrew D. Kern9Sohini Ramachandran10Peter L. Ralph11Center for Computational Molecular Biology Brown University Providence Rhode Island USAInstitute of Ecology and Evolution University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USAInstitute of Ecology and Evolution University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USADepartment of Computational Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York USADepartment of Computational Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York USAInstitute of Ecology and Evolution University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USAInstitute of Ecology and Evolution University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USAInstitute of Ecology and Evolution University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USADepartment of Computational Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York USAInstitute of Ecology and Evolution University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USACenter for Computational Molecular Biology Brown University Providence Rhode Island USAInstitute of Ecology and Evolution University of Oregon Eugene Oregon USAABSTRACT Individual‐based simulation has become an increasingly crucial tool for many fields of population biology. However, continuous geography is important to many applications, and implementing realistic and stable simulations in continuous space presents a variety of difficulties, from modeling choices to computational efficiency. This paper aims to be a practical guide to spatial simulation, helping researchers to implement individual‐based simulations and avoid common pitfalls. To do this, we delve into mechanisms of mating, reproduction, density‐dependent feedback, and dispersal, all of which may vary across the landscape, discuss how these affect population dynamics, and describe how to parameterize simulations in convenient ways (for instance, to achieve a desired population density). We also demonstrate how to implement these models using the current version of the individual‐based simulator, SLiM. We additionally discuss natural selection—in particular, how genetic variation can affect demographic processes. Finally, we provide four short vignettes: simulations of pikas that shift their range up a mountain as temperatures rise; mosquitoes that live in rivers as juveniles and experience seasonally changing habitat; cane toads that expand across Australia, reaching 120 million individuals; and monarch butterflies whose populations are regulated by an explicitly modeled resource (milkweed).https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71098
spellingShingle Elizabeth T. Chevy
Jiseon Min
Victoria Caudill
Samuel E. Champer
Benjamin C. Haller
Clara T. Rehmann
Chris C. R. Smith
Silas Tittes
Philipp W. Messer
Andrew D. Kern
Sohini Ramachandran
Peter L. Ralph
Population Genetics Meets Ecology: A Guide to Individual‐Based Simulations in Continuous Landscapes
Ecology and Evolution
title Population Genetics Meets Ecology: A Guide to Individual‐Based Simulations in Continuous Landscapes
title_full Population Genetics Meets Ecology: A Guide to Individual‐Based Simulations in Continuous Landscapes
title_fullStr Population Genetics Meets Ecology: A Guide to Individual‐Based Simulations in Continuous Landscapes
title_full_unstemmed Population Genetics Meets Ecology: A Guide to Individual‐Based Simulations in Continuous Landscapes
title_short Population Genetics Meets Ecology: A Guide to Individual‐Based Simulations in Continuous Landscapes
title_sort population genetics meets ecology a guide to individual based simulations in continuous landscapes
url https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71098
work_keys_str_mv AT elizabethtchevy populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT jiseonmin populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT victoriacaudill populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT samuelechamper populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT benjaminchaller populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT claratrehmann populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT chriscrsmith populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT silastittes populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT philippwmesser populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT andrewdkern populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT sohiniramachandran populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes
AT peterlralph populationgeneticsmeetsecologyaguidetoindividualbasedsimulationsincontinuouslandscapes