A power disturbance observer-based sliding mode frequency controller for grid-forming converters

A power disturbance observer-based sliding mode frequency controller for grid-forming converters

Grid-forming converters (GFMs) can enable power electronics to mimic the inertia response of synchronous generators (SGs), which can enhance the frequency stability of the ac grids with high penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs). However, GFMs potentially induce oscillations during frequenc...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Weiyu Wang, Gongping Wu, Fei Ke, Ye Cai, Jiajun Li, Zhilin Yang, Yijia Cao, Yunfeng Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
Subjects:
Frequency support
Grid-forming converter
Extended state observer
Disturbance estimation
Sliding mode control
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061525002479
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Summary:Grid-forming converters (GFMs) can enable power electronics to mimic the inertia response of synchronous generators (SGs), which can enhance the frequency stability of the ac grids with high penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs). However, GFMs potentially induce oscillations during frequency support because of the similar external dynamics with SGs. In this paper, a power disturbance observer-based sliding mode frequency controller (PDOSMFC) is proposed to facilitate flexible frequency support and enhance system damping through GFMs. By leveraging the intrinsic ability of GFMs to respond to power disturbances in ac grids autonomously, we designed a power disturbance observer to estimate the internal state variables and the external power disturbance using only the local measurements from GFMs. With the estimates of disturbance and states, a modified super-twisting sliding mode control is employed to compensate for the power disturbance to achieve accurate and flexible frequency support. The proposed PDOSMFC is validated via two test systems in a PowerFactory-MATLAB co-simulation environment. The simulation results verified the external power disturbance estimation performance and the frequency support performance.
ISSN:0142-0615

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