Do olfactory and gustatory psychophysical scores have prognostic value in COVID-19 patients? A prospective study of 106 patients
Abstract Background The lack of objective data makes it difficult to establish the prognostic value of chemosensitive disorders in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We aimed to prospectively monitor patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to see if the severity of olfactory and gustatory dysfun...
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SAGE Publishing
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40463-020-00449-y |
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| author | Luigi Angelo Vaira Claire Hopkins Marzia Petrocelli Jerome R. Lechien Damiano Soma Federica Giovanditto Davide Rizzo Giovanni Salzano Pasquale Piombino Sven Saussez Giacomo De Riu |
| author_facet | Luigi Angelo Vaira Claire Hopkins Marzia Petrocelli Jerome R. Lechien Damiano Soma Federica Giovanditto Davide Rizzo Giovanni Salzano Pasquale Piombino Sven Saussez Giacomo De Riu |
| author_sort | Luigi Angelo Vaira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The lack of objective data makes it difficult to establish the prognostic value of chemosensitive disorders in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We aimed to prospectively monitor patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to see if the severity of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction associates with subsequent disease severity. Methods Multicentre prospective study that recruited 106 COVID-19 subjects at diagnosis. Chemosensitive functions were assessed with psychophysical tests within 4 days of clinical onset, at 10 and 20 days. Daily body temperature and oxygen saturation were recorded as markers of disease severity alongside need for hospitalisation. The correlation between olfactory and gustatory scores and disease severity was assessed with linear regression analysis. Results At T0, 71 patients (67%) presented with olfactory dysfunction while gustatory impairment was detected in 76 cases (65.6%). Chemosensitive disorders gradually improved over the observation period. No significant correlations were found between T0 chemosensitive scores and final disease severity. The correlation between olfactory scores and fever proved significant at T2 (p = 0.05), while the relationship with gustatory scores was significant at T1 (p = 0.01) and T2 (p < 0.001), however neither was clinically relevant. The correlation between chemosensitive scores and oxygen saturation was significant only for taste at T2 (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis found significant correlations between olfactory impairment severity and need for hospitalization at T2 (OR 3.750, p = 0.005). Conclusions Initial objective olfactory and gustatory scores do not seem to have a significant prognostic value in predicting the severity of the COVID-19 course; however, persistence of olfactory dysfunction at 20 days, associated with a more severe course. Unfortunately, olfactory and gustatory dysfunction do not seem to hold prognostic value at the time of initial diagnosis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d5f642db4345489cbb15ea3f132bb4f2 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1916-0216 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery |
| spelling | doaj-art-d5f642db4345489cbb15ea3f132bb4f22025-08-20T01:47:50ZengSAGE PublishingJournal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery1916-02162020-08-0149111010.1186/s40463-020-00449-yDo olfactory and gustatory psychophysical scores have prognostic value in COVID-19 patients? A prospective study of 106 patientsLuigi Angelo Vaira0Claire Hopkins1Marzia Petrocelli2Jerome R. LechienDamiano Soma3Federica Giovanditto4Davide Rizzo5Giovanni Salzano6Pasquale Piombino7Sven SaussezGiacomo De Riu8Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of SassariGuy’s Hospital, King’s CollegeMaxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Bellaria and Maggiore Hospital, AUSL BolognaMaxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of SassariMaxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of SassariOtolaryngology Operative Unit, University Hospital of SassariMaxillofacial Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Naples “Federico II”Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Naples “Federico II”Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of SassariAbstract Background The lack of objective data makes it difficult to establish the prognostic value of chemosensitive disorders in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We aimed to prospectively monitor patients diagnosed with COVID-19 to see if the severity of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction associates with subsequent disease severity. Methods Multicentre prospective study that recruited 106 COVID-19 subjects at diagnosis. Chemosensitive functions were assessed with psychophysical tests within 4 days of clinical onset, at 10 and 20 days. Daily body temperature and oxygen saturation were recorded as markers of disease severity alongside need for hospitalisation. The correlation between olfactory and gustatory scores and disease severity was assessed with linear regression analysis. Results At T0, 71 patients (67%) presented with olfactory dysfunction while gustatory impairment was detected in 76 cases (65.6%). Chemosensitive disorders gradually improved over the observation period. No significant correlations were found between T0 chemosensitive scores and final disease severity. The correlation between olfactory scores and fever proved significant at T2 (p = 0.05), while the relationship with gustatory scores was significant at T1 (p = 0.01) and T2 (p < 0.001), however neither was clinically relevant. The correlation between chemosensitive scores and oxygen saturation was significant only for taste at T2 (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis found significant correlations between olfactory impairment severity and need for hospitalization at T2 (OR 3.750, p = 0.005). Conclusions Initial objective olfactory and gustatory scores do not seem to have a significant prognostic value in predicting the severity of the COVID-19 course; however, persistence of olfactory dysfunction at 20 days, associated with a more severe course. Unfortunately, olfactory and gustatory dysfunction do not seem to hold prognostic value at the time of initial diagnosis.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40463-020-00449-yCOVID-19AgeusiaAnosmiaOlfactoryGustatory |
| spellingShingle | Luigi Angelo Vaira Claire Hopkins Marzia Petrocelli Jerome R. Lechien Damiano Soma Federica Giovanditto Davide Rizzo Giovanni Salzano Pasquale Piombino Sven Saussez Giacomo De Riu Do olfactory and gustatory psychophysical scores have prognostic value in COVID-19 patients? A prospective study of 106 patients Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery COVID-19 Ageusia Anosmia Olfactory Gustatory |
| title | Do olfactory and gustatory psychophysical scores have prognostic value in COVID-19 patients? A prospective study of 106 patients |
| title_full | Do olfactory and gustatory psychophysical scores have prognostic value in COVID-19 patients? A prospective study of 106 patients |
| title_fullStr | Do olfactory and gustatory psychophysical scores have prognostic value in COVID-19 patients? A prospective study of 106 patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Do olfactory and gustatory psychophysical scores have prognostic value in COVID-19 patients? A prospective study of 106 patients |
| title_short | Do olfactory and gustatory psychophysical scores have prognostic value in COVID-19 patients? A prospective study of 106 patients |
| title_sort | do olfactory and gustatory psychophysical scores have prognostic value in covid 19 patients a prospective study of 106 patients |
| topic | COVID-19 Ageusia Anosmia Olfactory Gustatory |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40463-020-00449-y |
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