Screening of Active Compounds Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray Extracts

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) remains a persistent threat to global swine production, necessitating urgent development of targeted interventions. Our previous research established that <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray (HJT) extract exhibited significant anti-porcine epidemic...

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Main Authors: Hongyu Rao, Siqi Liu, Hao Wu, Wenlong Wang, Weiyue Wang, Weiwei Su, Peibo Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Viruses
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/900
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author Hongyu Rao
Siqi Liu
Hao Wu
Wenlong Wang
Weiyue Wang
Weiwei Su
Peibo Li
author_facet Hongyu Rao
Siqi Liu
Hao Wu
Wenlong Wang
Weiyue Wang
Weiwei Su
Peibo Li
author_sort Hongyu Rao
collection DOAJ
description Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) remains a persistent threat to global swine production, necessitating urgent development of targeted interventions. Our previous research established that <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray (HJT) extract exhibited significant anti-porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) activity both in vivo and in vitro. Nevertheless, the principal bioactive constituents mediating this antiviral activity remained uncharacterized. In this study, it was demonstrated that ethanol eluates with 20% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) and 60% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) ethanol exhibited activity against PEDV. Phytochemical characterization revealed 66 distinct compounds, including 36 flavonoids and 13 organic acids identified as possible antiviral constituents. Among these, taxifolin-7-O-rhamnoside and quercetin-7-rhamnoside were identified as the most potent anti-PEDV components. Notably, neither compound exhibited significant antiviral efficacy as monotherapy. However, co-administration produced a reduction in PEDV-G2 titers. This study mechanistically links taxifolin-7-O-rhamnoside and quercetin-7-rhamnoside as core anti-PEDV phytochemicals in HJT extract. These findings support the further development of HJT as a potential therapeutic for PED.
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spelling doaj-art-d5eee9cdda5d4d2bb2266f05cd166d972025-08-20T03:32:19ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-06-0117790010.3390/v17070900Screening of Active Compounds Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray ExtractsHongyu Rao0Siqi Liu1Hao Wu2Wenlong Wang3Weiyue Wang4Weiwei Su5Peibo Li6Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post Marketed TCM, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post Marketed TCM, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post Marketed TCM, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post Marketed TCM, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post Marketed TCM, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post Marketed TCM, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post Marketed TCM, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, ChinaPorcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) remains a persistent threat to global swine production, necessitating urgent development of targeted interventions. Our previous research established that <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray (HJT) extract exhibited significant anti-porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) activity both in vivo and in vitro. Nevertheless, the principal bioactive constituents mediating this antiviral activity remained uncharacterized. In this study, it was demonstrated that ethanol eluates with 20% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) and 60% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) ethanol exhibited activity against PEDV. Phytochemical characterization revealed 66 distinct compounds, including 36 flavonoids and 13 organic acids identified as possible antiviral constituents. Among these, taxifolin-7-O-rhamnoside and quercetin-7-rhamnoside were identified as the most potent anti-PEDV components. Notably, neither compound exhibited significant antiviral efficacy as monotherapy. However, co-administration produced a reduction in PEDV-G2 titers. This study mechanistically links taxifolin-7-O-rhamnoside and quercetin-7-rhamnoside as core anti-PEDV phytochemicals in HJT extract. These findings support the further development of HJT as a potential therapeutic for PED.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/900<i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murrayporcine epidemic diarrhea virusantiviral effectactive compound
spellingShingle Hongyu Rao
Siqi Liu
Hao Wu
Wenlong Wang
Weiyue Wang
Weiwei Su
Peibo Li
Screening of Active Compounds Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray Extracts
Viruses
<i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray
porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
antiviral effect
active compound
title Screening of Active Compounds Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray Extracts
title_full Screening of Active Compounds Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray Extracts
title_fullStr Screening of Active Compounds Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray Extracts
title_full_unstemmed Screening of Active Compounds Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray Extracts
title_short Screening of Active Compounds Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray Extracts
title_sort screening of active compounds against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in i hypericum japonicum i thunb ex murray extracts
topic <i>Hypericum japonicum</i> Thunb. ex Murray
porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
antiviral effect
active compound
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/900
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