Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity
Most blood vessels are surrounded by adipose tissue. Similarly to the adventitia, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) was considered only as a passive structural support for the vasculature, and it was routinely removed for isolated blood vessel studies. In 1991, Soltis and Cassis demonstrated for th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/402053 |
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| author | Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso Marta Gil-Ortega Concha F. García-Prieto Isabel Aranguez Mariano Ruiz-Gayo Beatriz Somoza |
| author_facet | Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso Marta Gil-Ortega Concha F. García-Prieto Isabel Aranguez Mariano Ruiz-Gayo Beatriz Somoza |
| author_sort | Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Most blood vessels are surrounded by adipose tissue. Similarly to the adventitia, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) was considered only as a passive structural support for the vasculature, and it was routinely removed for isolated blood vessel studies. In 1991, Soltis and Cassis demonstrated for the first time that PVAT reduced contractions to noradrenaline in rat aorta. Since then, an important number of adipocyte-derived factors with physiological and pathophysiological paracrine vasoactive effects have been identified. PVAT undergoes structural and functional changes in obesity. During early diet-induced obesity, an adaptative overproduction of vasodilator factors occurs in PVAT, probably aimed at protecting vascular function. However, in established obesity, PVAT loses its anticontractile properties by an increase of contractile, oxidative, and inflammatory factors, leading to endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. The aim of this review is to focus on PVAT dysfunction mechanisms in obesity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d59c8a82af04445a9563c37306c55b7f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1687-8337 1687-8345 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d59c8a82af04445a9563c37306c55b7f2025-08-20T03:19:33ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452013-01-01201310.1155/2013/402053402053Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in ObesityMaria S. Fernández-Alfonso0Marta Gil-Ortega1Concha F. García-Prieto2Isabel Aranguez3Mariano Ruiz-Gayo4Beatriz Somoza5Instituto Pluridisciplinar and Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, 28660 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, 28660 Madrid, SpainInstituto Pluridisciplinar and Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, 28660 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, 28660 Madrid, SpainMost blood vessels are surrounded by adipose tissue. Similarly to the adventitia, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) was considered only as a passive structural support for the vasculature, and it was routinely removed for isolated blood vessel studies. In 1991, Soltis and Cassis demonstrated for the first time that PVAT reduced contractions to noradrenaline in rat aorta. Since then, an important number of adipocyte-derived factors with physiological and pathophysiological paracrine vasoactive effects have been identified. PVAT undergoes structural and functional changes in obesity. During early diet-induced obesity, an adaptative overproduction of vasodilator factors occurs in PVAT, probably aimed at protecting vascular function. However, in established obesity, PVAT loses its anticontractile properties by an increase of contractile, oxidative, and inflammatory factors, leading to endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease. The aim of this review is to focus on PVAT dysfunction mechanisms in obesity.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/402053 |
| spellingShingle | Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso Marta Gil-Ortega Concha F. García-Prieto Isabel Aranguez Mariano Ruiz-Gayo Beatriz Somoza Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity International Journal of Endocrinology |
| title | Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_full | Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_short | Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_sort | mechanisms of perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/402053 |
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