Effects of Salicylic Acid and Microorganisms on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics (Satureja hortensis L.) under Drought Stress
Objective: As a critical limitation of plant growing, drought stress has always received a lot of attention from botanical researchers. This study intends to investigate the role of salicylic acid and the Mycorrhiza and Azotobacter bio-fertilizer on Satureja hortensis L. under drought stress. Materi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Istanbul University Press
2023-06-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/8DF74516B8EE448DA817093615F9C8FA |
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| author | Mahmood Ghojavand Porang Kasraei Hamid Reza Tohidi Moghadam Mohammad Nasri Hamid Reza Larijani |
| author_facet | Mahmood Ghojavand Porang Kasraei Hamid Reza Tohidi Moghadam Mohammad Nasri Hamid Reza Larijani |
| author_sort | Mahmood Ghojavand |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: As a critical limitation of plant growing, drought stress has always received a lot of attention from botanical researchers. This study intends to investigate the role of salicylic acid and the Mycorrhiza and Azotobacter bio-fertilizer on Satureja hortensis L. under drought stress. Materials and Methods: Salicylic acid and bio-fertilizers have been shown to improve drought tolerance in growing plants. To evaluate the synergistic effect of salicylic acid, Azotobacter chroococcum bacteria, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under drought stress (-3.5 atm: W1), (- 6.5 atm: W2), and (-10 atm: W3), a 2-year (2016 to 2018) field experiment was organized based on split-plot factorial statistical in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Results: The main findings of this study showed that the combinable use of bio-fertilizers and salicylic acid diminished the disadvantageous effects of drought stress. Co-application of bio- fertilizers and salicylic acid significantly increased chlorophyll a and b (22% and 31.5%), carotenoid (30.7%) contents, aerial fresh (38.3%) and dry (64.1%) weights, root fresh (55.8%), and dry (45%) weights, auxin (15%), percentage of essential oil (30.7%) in S. hortensis while it decreased the proline content (48.8%) under severe stress as compared to the control groups, which confirmed the efficacy of this approach and its role in drought tolerance. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that this new suggested treatment could effectively alleviate drought stress symptoms and improve S. hortensis growth under spreading drought conditions and limited water resources. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d59bef3785d74a78af616157b043febb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2618-6144 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Istanbul University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d59bef3785d74a78af616157b043febb2025-08-20T03:48:45ZengIstanbul University PressEuropean Journal of Biology2618-61442023-06-01821122210.26650/EurJBiol.2023.1196479123456Effects of Salicylic Acid and Microorganisms on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics (Satureja hortensis L.) under Drought StressMahmood Ghojavand0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7336-0988Porang Kasraei1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5831-6604Hamid Reza Tohidi Moghadam2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9759-9886Mohammad Nasri3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2352-3966Hamid Reza Larijani4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4010-5304Islamic Azad University, Tebriz, iranIslamic Azad University, Tebriz, iranIslamic Azad University, Tebriz, iranIslamic Azad University, Tebriz, iranIslamic Azad University, Tebriz, iranObjective: As a critical limitation of plant growing, drought stress has always received a lot of attention from botanical researchers. This study intends to investigate the role of salicylic acid and the Mycorrhiza and Azotobacter bio-fertilizer on Satureja hortensis L. under drought stress. Materials and Methods: Salicylic acid and bio-fertilizers have been shown to improve drought tolerance in growing plants. To evaluate the synergistic effect of salicylic acid, Azotobacter chroococcum bacteria, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under drought stress (-3.5 atm: W1), (- 6.5 atm: W2), and (-10 atm: W3), a 2-year (2016 to 2018) field experiment was organized based on split-plot factorial statistical in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Results: The main findings of this study showed that the combinable use of bio-fertilizers and salicylic acid diminished the disadvantageous effects of drought stress. Co-application of bio- fertilizers and salicylic acid significantly increased chlorophyll a and b (22% and 31.5%), carotenoid (30.7%) contents, aerial fresh (38.3%) and dry (64.1%) weights, root fresh (55.8%), and dry (45%) weights, auxin (15%), percentage of essential oil (30.7%) in S. hortensis while it decreased the proline content (48.8%) under severe stress as compared to the control groups, which confirmed the efficacy of this approach and its role in drought tolerance. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that this new suggested treatment could effectively alleviate drought stress symptoms and improve S. hortensis growth under spreading drought conditions and limited water resources.https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/8DF74516B8EE448DA817093615F9C8FAarbuscular mycorrhizal fungibio-fertilizersdrought stressphytohormonesatureja hortensis |
| spellingShingle | Mahmood Ghojavand Porang Kasraei Hamid Reza Tohidi Moghadam Mohammad Nasri Hamid Reza Larijani Effects of Salicylic Acid and Microorganisms on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics (Satureja hortensis L.) under Drought Stress European Journal of Biology arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bio-fertilizers drought stress phytohormone satureja hortensis |
| title | Effects of Salicylic Acid and Microorganisms on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics (Satureja hortensis L.) under Drought Stress |
| title_full | Effects of Salicylic Acid and Microorganisms on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics (Satureja hortensis L.) under Drought Stress |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Salicylic Acid and Microorganisms on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics (Satureja hortensis L.) under Drought Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Salicylic Acid and Microorganisms on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics (Satureja hortensis L.) under Drought Stress |
| title_short | Effects of Salicylic Acid and Microorganisms on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics (Satureja hortensis L.) under Drought Stress |
| title_sort | effects of salicylic acid and microorganisms on morphological and physiological characteristics satureja hortensis l under drought stress |
| topic | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi bio-fertilizers drought stress phytohormone satureja hortensis |
| url | https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/8DF74516B8EE448DA817093615F9C8FA |
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