Systematic review and meta-analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy.
<h4>Background</h4>We reviewed studies that analyzed cysticercosis (CC), neurocysticercosis (NCC) and epilepsy across Latin America, Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, to estimate the odds ratio and etiologic fraction of epilepsy due to CC in tropical regions.<h4>Methodology</h4>We...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-03-01
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| Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005153 |
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| author | Gabrielle Debacq Luz M Moyano Héctor H Garcia Farid Boumediene Benoit Marin Edgard B Ngoungou Pierre-Marie Preux |
| author_facet | Gabrielle Debacq Luz M Moyano Héctor H Garcia Farid Boumediene Benoit Marin Edgard B Ngoungou Pierre-Marie Preux |
| author_sort | Gabrielle Debacq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>We reviewed studies that analyzed cysticercosis (CC), neurocysticercosis (NCC) and epilepsy across Latin America, Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, to estimate the odds ratio and etiologic fraction of epilepsy due to CC in tropical regions.<h4>Methodology</h4>We conducted a systematic review of the literature on cysticercosis and epilepsy in the tropics, collecting data from case-control and cross-sectional studies. Exposure criteria for CC included one or more of the following: serum ELISA or EITB positivity, presence of subcutaneous cysts (both not verified and unverified by histology), histology consistent with calcified cysts, and brain CT scan consistent with NCC. A common odds-ratio was then estimated using meta-analysis.<h4>Principal findings</h4>37 studies from 23 countries were included (n = 24,646 subjects, 14,934 with epilepsy and 9,712 without epilepsy). Of these, 29 were case-control (14 matched). The association between CC and epilepsy was significant in 19 scientific articles. Odds ratios ranged from 0.2 to 25.4 (a posteriori power 4.5-100%) and the common odds ratio was 2.7 (95% CI 2.1-3.6, p <0.001). Three subgroup analyses performed gave odds ratios as: 2.2 (EITB-based studies), 3.2 (CT-based studies), 1.9 (neurologist-confirmed epilepsy; door-to-door survey and at least one matched control per case). Etiologic fraction was estimated to be 63% in the exposed group among the population.<h4>Significance</h4>Despite differences in findings, this meta-analysis suggests that cysticercosis is a significant contributor to late-onset epilepsy in tropical regions around the world, and its impact may vary depending on transmission intensity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d5475d2d35454aa694f0d20afb04e25d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-03-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-d5475d2d35454aa694f0d20afb04e25d2025-08-20T03:29:58ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352017-03-01113e000515310.1371/journal.pntd.0005153Systematic review and meta-analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy.Gabrielle DebacqLuz M MoyanoHéctor H GarciaFarid BoumedieneBenoit MarinEdgard B NgoungouPierre-Marie Preux<h4>Background</h4>We reviewed studies that analyzed cysticercosis (CC), neurocysticercosis (NCC) and epilepsy across Latin America, Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, to estimate the odds ratio and etiologic fraction of epilepsy due to CC in tropical regions.<h4>Methodology</h4>We conducted a systematic review of the literature on cysticercosis and epilepsy in the tropics, collecting data from case-control and cross-sectional studies. Exposure criteria for CC included one or more of the following: serum ELISA or EITB positivity, presence of subcutaneous cysts (both not verified and unverified by histology), histology consistent with calcified cysts, and brain CT scan consistent with NCC. A common odds-ratio was then estimated using meta-analysis.<h4>Principal findings</h4>37 studies from 23 countries were included (n = 24,646 subjects, 14,934 with epilepsy and 9,712 without epilepsy). Of these, 29 were case-control (14 matched). The association between CC and epilepsy was significant in 19 scientific articles. Odds ratios ranged from 0.2 to 25.4 (a posteriori power 4.5-100%) and the common odds ratio was 2.7 (95% CI 2.1-3.6, p <0.001). Three subgroup analyses performed gave odds ratios as: 2.2 (EITB-based studies), 3.2 (CT-based studies), 1.9 (neurologist-confirmed epilepsy; door-to-door survey and at least one matched control per case). Etiologic fraction was estimated to be 63% in the exposed group among the population.<h4>Significance</h4>Despite differences in findings, this meta-analysis suggests that cysticercosis is a significant contributor to late-onset epilepsy in tropical regions around the world, and its impact may vary depending on transmission intensity.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005153 |
| spellingShingle | Gabrielle Debacq Luz M Moyano Héctor H Garcia Farid Boumediene Benoit Marin Edgard B Ngoungou Pierre-Marie Preux Systematic review and meta-analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Systematic review and meta-analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy. |
| title_full | Systematic review and meta-analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy. |
| title_fullStr | Systematic review and meta-analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Systematic review and meta-analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy. |
| title_short | Systematic review and meta-analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy. |
| title_sort | systematic review and meta analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005153 |
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