Ultra-broadband all-optical nonlinear activation function enabled by MoTe2/optical waveguide integrated devices
Abstract All-optical nonlinear activation functions (NAFs) are crucial for enabling rapid optical neural networks (ONNs). As linear matrix computation advances in integrated ONNs, on-chip all-optical NAFs face challenges such as limited integration, high latency, substantial power consumption, and a...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53371-6 |
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| author | Chenduan Chen Zhan Yang Tao Wang Yalun Wang Kai Gao Jiajia Wu Jun Wang Jianrong Qiu Dezhi Tan |
| author_facet | Chenduan Chen Zhan Yang Tao Wang Yalun Wang Kai Gao Jiajia Wu Jun Wang Jianrong Qiu Dezhi Tan |
| author_sort | Chenduan Chen |
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| description | Abstract All-optical nonlinear activation functions (NAFs) are crucial for enabling rapid optical neural networks (ONNs). As linear matrix computation advances in integrated ONNs, on-chip all-optical NAFs face challenges such as limited integration, high latency, substantial power consumption, and a high activation threshold. In this work, we develop an integrated nonlinear optical activator based on the butt-coupling integration of two-dimensional (2D) MoTe2 and optical waveguides (OWGs). The activator exhibits an ultra-broadband response from visible to near-infrared wavelength, a low activation threshold of 0.94 μW, a small device size (~50 µm2), an ultra-fast response rate (2.08 THz), and high-density integration. The excellent nonlinear effects and broadband response of 2D materials have been utilized to create all-optical NAFs. These activators were applied to simulate MNIST handwritten digit recognition, achieving an accuracy of 97.6%. The results underscore the potential application of this approach in ONNs. Moreover, the classification of more intricate CIFAR-10 images demonstrated a generalizable accuracy of 94.6%. The present nonlinear activator promises a general platform for three-dimensional (3D) ultra-broadband ONNs with dense integration and low activation thresholds by integrating a variety of strong nonlinear optical (NLO) materials (e.g., 2D materials) and OWGs in glass. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d515e4347947493a83a2db5cf32aa664 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-d515e4347947493a83a2db5cf32aa6642025-02-02T12:31:02ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232024-10-0115111210.1038/s41467-024-53371-6Ultra-broadband all-optical nonlinear activation function enabled by MoTe2/optical waveguide integrated devicesChenduan Chen0Zhan Yang1Tao Wang2Yalun Wang3Kai Gao4Jiajia Wu5Jun Wang6Jianrong Qiu7Dezhi Tan8Zhejiang LabAerospace Laser Technology and System Department, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of SciencesZhejiang LabZhejiang LabZhejiang LabZhejiang LabAerospace Laser Technology and System Department, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of SciencesCollege of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang LabAbstract All-optical nonlinear activation functions (NAFs) are crucial for enabling rapid optical neural networks (ONNs). As linear matrix computation advances in integrated ONNs, on-chip all-optical NAFs face challenges such as limited integration, high latency, substantial power consumption, and a high activation threshold. In this work, we develop an integrated nonlinear optical activator based on the butt-coupling integration of two-dimensional (2D) MoTe2 and optical waveguides (OWGs). The activator exhibits an ultra-broadband response from visible to near-infrared wavelength, a low activation threshold of 0.94 μW, a small device size (~50 µm2), an ultra-fast response rate (2.08 THz), and high-density integration. The excellent nonlinear effects and broadband response of 2D materials have been utilized to create all-optical NAFs. These activators were applied to simulate MNIST handwritten digit recognition, achieving an accuracy of 97.6%. The results underscore the potential application of this approach in ONNs. Moreover, the classification of more intricate CIFAR-10 images demonstrated a generalizable accuracy of 94.6%. The present nonlinear activator promises a general platform for three-dimensional (3D) ultra-broadband ONNs with dense integration and low activation thresholds by integrating a variety of strong nonlinear optical (NLO) materials (e.g., 2D materials) and OWGs in glass.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53371-6 |
| spellingShingle | Chenduan Chen Zhan Yang Tao Wang Yalun Wang Kai Gao Jiajia Wu Jun Wang Jianrong Qiu Dezhi Tan Ultra-broadband all-optical nonlinear activation function enabled by MoTe2/optical waveguide integrated devices Nature Communications |
| title | Ultra-broadband all-optical nonlinear activation function enabled by MoTe2/optical waveguide integrated devices |
| title_full | Ultra-broadband all-optical nonlinear activation function enabled by MoTe2/optical waveguide integrated devices |
| title_fullStr | Ultra-broadband all-optical nonlinear activation function enabled by MoTe2/optical waveguide integrated devices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultra-broadband all-optical nonlinear activation function enabled by MoTe2/optical waveguide integrated devices |
| title_short | Ultra-broadband all-optical nonlinear activation function enabled by MoTe2/optical waveguide integrated devices |
| title_sort | ultra broadband all optical nonlinear activation function enabled by mote2 optical waveguide integrated devices |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53371-6 |
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