Harnessing AI to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline via optimized UV/ZrO2/NaOCl reaction pathways

Abstract This paper assesses the presentation of Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), Ridge Regression (RR), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) models in improving the photocatalytic destruction of antibiotic utilizing a UV/ZrO₂/NaOCl system. The GBR model indicated the strength of exhibited preci...

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Main Authors: Amir Sheikhmohammadi, Saeed Hosseinpour, Zahra Jalilzadeh, Hossein Azarpira, Mahmood Yousefi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03814-x
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author Amir Sheikhmohammadi
Saeed Hosseinpour
Zahra Jalilzadeh
Hossein Azarpira
Mahmood Yousefi
author_facet Amir Sheikhmohammadi
Saeed Hosseinpour
Zahra Jalilzadeh
Hossein Azarpira
Mahmood Yousefi
author_sort Amir Sheikhmohammadi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This paper assesses the presentation of Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), Ridge Regression (RR), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) models in improving the photocatalytic destruction of antibiotic utilizing a UV/ZrO₂/NaOCl system. The GBR model indicated the strength of exhibited precision, with high R² and Explained Variance Score (EVS) esteems, however gave indications of overfitting. Remarkably, the RR model obtained had many significant values and the model had a high data fitness with an R² of 0.81; however, error bars were observed in some areas that could be optimized by fine-tuning. Feature significance examination indicated that X2, X1, and X5 fundamentally affected the model’s performance. At last, PSO was instrumental in finding the ideal limit mix to support removal performance. Altogether the presented models help to improve the photocatalytic degradation process and provide useful tools for further investigation in this field.
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spelling doaj-art-d512c52f71814ca7accfd8cb8b9b54f32025-08-20T02:03:35ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115112210.1038/s41598-025-03814-xHarnessing AI to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline via optimized UV/ZrO2/NaOCl reaction pathwaysAmir Sheikhmohammadi0Saeed Hosseinpour1Zahra Jalilzadeh2Hossein Azarpira3Mahmood Yousefi4Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Khoy University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical SciencesStudent Research Committee, Khoy University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Khoy University of Medical SciencesAbstract This paper assesses the presentation of Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), Ridge Regression (RR), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) models in improving the photocatalytic destruction of antibiotic utilizing a UV/ZrO₂/NaOCl system. The GBR model indicated the strength of exhibited precision, with high R² and Explained Variance Score (EVS) esteems, however gave indications of overfitting. Remarkably, the RR model obtained had many significant values and the model had a high data fitness with an R² of 0.81; however, error bars were observed in some areas that could be optimized by fine-tuning. Feature significance examination indicated that X2, X1, and X5 fundamentally affected the model’s performance. At last, PSO was instrumental in finding the ideal limit mix to support removal performance. Altogether the presented models help to improve the photocatalytic degradation process and provide useful tools for further investigation in this field.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03814-xPhotocatalytic degradationTetracycline removalUV/ZrO₂/NaOCl optimizationArtificial intelligence modelsReaction pathway enhancement
spellingShingle Amir Sheikhmohammadi
Saeed Hosseinpour
Zahra Jalilzadeh
Hossein Azarpira
Mahmood Yousefi
Harnessing AI to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline via optimized UV/ZrO2/NaOCl reaction pathways
Scientific Reports
Photocatalytic degradation
Tetracycline removal
UV/ZrO₂/NaOCl optimization
Artificial intelligence models
Reaction pathway enhancement
title Harnessing AI to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline via optimized UV/ZrO2/NaOCl reaction pathways
title_full Harnessing AI to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline via optimized UV/ZrO2/NaOCl reaction pathways
title_fullStr Harnessing AI to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline via optimized UV/ZrO2/NaOCl reaction pathways
title_full_unstemmed Harnessing AI to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline via optimized UV/ZrO2/NaOCl reaction pathways
title_short Harnessing AI to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of Tetracycline via optimized UV/ZrO2/NaOCl reaction pathways
title_sort harnessing ai to revolutionize photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline via optimized uv zro2 naocl reaction pathways
topic Photocatalytic degradation
Tetracycline removal
UV/ZrO₂/NaOCl optimization
Artificial intelligence models
Reaction pathway enhancement
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03814-x
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