Isolation and Characterization of Dermatophytes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, South India

Background and aim: The study was done to identify and characterize the fungal species causing the various clinical types of Dermatophytosis by microscopy, culture and biochemical tests. It also compared the efficacy of the culture media for isolating the dermatophytes and observed the current trend...

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Main Authors: Sreedevi Vijayan Selvajyothi, Anuja Elizabeth George, Cicili Lalitha, Seema Ambikatmajan Nayar, Sajan Muhammad Kamaludeen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences (IJSRDMS) 2024-08-01
Series:International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences
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Online Access:http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_206482_4d51edd458a3e6fcc0e48a06378cde93.pdf
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author Sreedevi Vijayan Selvajyothi
Anuja Elizabeth George
Cicili Lalitha
Seema Ambikatmajan Nayar
Sajan Muhammad Kamaludeen
author_facet Sreedevi Vijayan Selvajyothi
Anuja Elizabeth George
Cicili Lalitha
Seema Ambikatmajan Nayar
Sajan Muhammad Kamaludeen
author_sort Sreedevi Vijayan Selvajyothi
collection DOAJ
description Background and aim: The study was done to identify and characterize the fungal species causing the various clinical types of Dermatophytosis by microscopy, culture and biochemical tests. It also compared the efficacy of the culture media for isolating the dermatophytes and observed the current trend of the etiological fungal species in the locality.Material and methods: The study included 82 patients exhibiting clinical signs of Dermatophytosis. Skin and nail scrapings and nail clippings were examined by direct microscopy; cultures using DTM (Dermatophytes test medium)and SDA (Sabouraud dextrose agar)with cycloheximide were performed; and biochemical tests, such as the urease test and the hair perforation test, were performed.Results: Tinea corporis was the most common type [55 (67.07%)]. Three-quarters of the patients had no co-morbidities, and diabetes was not a significant association. Direct microscopy was positive for fungus in 71 (86.58%) samples. In comparison, only 57 (69.51%) were positive by culture, but one sample was positive by culture, although negative in direct microscopy, indicating the need for culture if skin scraping is negative. Interestingly, Trichophyton mentagrophytes (44, 77.19%) was the most common species and was conforming to the current trend, which makes one wonder if that could be contributory to Dermatophytosis occurring even in those without co-morbidities. Also, DTM was more useful for faster primary isolation of fungus compared to SDA with cycloheximide.Conclusions: The current mycological profile reveals that Trichophyton mentagrophytes are the emerging fungal pathogen, and DTM is a more effective medium than SDA with cycloheximide.
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language English
publishDate 2024-08-01
publisher International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences (IJSRDMS)
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spelling doaj-art-d50bb998dcf84378909f83fe65f327fa2025-08-20T03:00:57ZengInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences (IJSRDMS)International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences2676-54972676-53732024-08-016311412210.30485/ijsrdms.2024.461327.1597206482Isolation and Characterization of Dermatophytes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, South IndiaSreedevi Vijayan Selvajyothi0Anuja Elizabeth George1Cicili Lalitha2Seema Ambikatmajan Nayar3Sajan Muhammad Kamaludeen4Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Kerala, IndiaBackground and aim: The study was done to identify and characterize the fungal species causing the various clinical types of Dermatophytosis by microscopy, culture and biochemical tests. It also compared the efficacy of the culture media for isolating the dermatophytes and observed the current trend of the etiological fungal species in the locality.Material and methods: The study included 82 patients exhibiting clinical signs of Dermatophytosis. Skin and nail scrapings and nail clippings were examined by direct microscopy; cultures using DTM (Dermatophytes test medium)and SDA (Sabouraud dextrose agar)with cycloheximide were performed; and biochemical tests, such as the urease test and the hair perforation test, were performed.Results: Tinea corporis was the most common type [55 (67.07%)]. Three-quarters of the patients had no co-morbidities, and diabetes was not a significant association. Direct microscopy was positive for fungus in 71 (86.58%) samples. In comparison, only 57 (69.51%) were positive by culture, but one sample was positive by culture, although negative in direct microscopy, indicating the need for culture if skin scraping is negative. Interestingly, Trichophyton mentagrophytes (44, 77.19%) was the most common species and was conforming to the current trend, which makes one wonder if that could be contributory to Dermatophytosis occurring even in those without co-morbidities. Also, DTM was more useful for faster primary isolation of fungus compared to SDA with cycloheximide.Conclusions: The current mycological profile reveals that Trichophyton mentagrophytes are the emerging fungal pathogen, and DTM is a more effective medium than SDA with cycloheximide.http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_206482_4d51edd458a3e6fcc0e48a06378cde93.pdfmicroscopytineatrichophyton
spellingShingle Sreedevi Vijayan Selvajyothi
Anuja Elizabeth George
Cicili Lalitha
Seema Ambikatmajan Nayar
Sajan Muhammad Kamaludeen
Isolation and Characterization of Dermatophytes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, South India
International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences
microscopy
tinea
trichophyton
title Isolation and Characterization of Dermatophytes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, South India
title_full Isolation and Characterization of Dermatophytes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, South India
title_fullStr Isolation and Characterization of Dermatophytes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, South India
title_full_unstemmed Isolation and Characterization of Dermatophytes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, South India
title_short Isolation and Characterization of Dermatophytes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram, South India
title_sort isolation and characterization of dermatophytes in a tertiary care hospital in thiruvananthapuram south india
topic microscopy
tinea
trichophyton
url http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_206482_4d51edd458a3e6fcc0e48a06378cde93.pdf
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