Voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures and firms’ characteristics: the moderating role of the knowledge-intensive industry
Purpose – This study examines voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures (VCRD) by listed Indian companies. It also investigates how it relates to firm-specific characteristics such as size, leverage, profitability, liquidity, beta, market growth and industry. Design/methodology/approach – The extent...
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| Language: | English |
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Emerald Publishing
2025-03-01
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| Series: | AJAR (Asian Journal of Accounting Research) |
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| Online Access: | https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/AJAR-12-2023-0413/full/pdf |
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| author | Harmandeep Singh |
| author_facet | Harmandeep Singh |
| author_sort | Harmandeep Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose – This study examines voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures (VCRD) by listed Indian companies. It also investigates how it relates to firm-specific characteristics such as size, leverage, profitability, liquidity, beta, market growth and industry. Design/methodology/approach – The extent of VCRD was measured by assessing the cumulative occurrence of cybersecurity risk keywords in the annual report of 100 listed Indian non-financial companies. Keyword extraction and occurrence counts were performed using Python software. A multiple regression analysis was applied to predict the characteristics of VCRD. Findings – The results showed that the theoretical frameworks underpinned by agency and signalling theories continued to provide a valid explanation of VCRD by Indian companies. Specifically, the findings emphasized the importance of firm size, leverage, and beta as significant VCRD determinants. Additionally, the study found that knowledge-intensive industries had a favourable impact on the extent of VCRD. Research limitations/implications – This study is relevant because it informs company management, regulators and investors about the nature and characteristics of companies that satisfy stakeholder demands to prevent cyber breaches. Originality/value – Understanding disclosure characteristics is crucial from policy and regulatory perspectives. Studies on cybersecurity disclosures are related to developed economies such as the United States of America and Canada. This is the first study to explore this issue in a developing nation, in general, and in India, in particular, where cybersecurity risk disclosure has yet to be recognized. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d506761adc2a4dc6a62e226d41b5718a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2459-9700 2443-4175 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Emerald Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AJAR (Asian Journal of Accounting Research) |
| spelling | doaj-art-d506761adc2a4dc6a62e226d41b5718a2025-08-20T02:57:59ZengEmerald PublishingAJAR (Asian Journal of Accounting Research)2459-97002443-41752025-03-0110216818510.1108/AJAR-12-2023-0413Voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures and firms’ characteristics: the moderating role of the knowledge-intensive industryHarmandeep Singh0School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, Christ University, Bangalore, IndiaPurpose – This study examines voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures (VCRD) by listed Indian companies. It also investigates how it relates to firm-specific characteristics such as size, leverage, profitability, liquidity, beta, market growth and industry. Design/methodology/approach – The extent of VCRD was measured by assessing the cumulative occurrence of cybersecurity risk keywords in the annual report of 100 listed Indian non-financial companies. Keyword extraction and occurrence counts were performed using Python software. A multiple regression analysis was applied to predict the characteristics of VCRD. Findings – The results showed that the theoretical frameworks underpinned by agency and signalling theories continued to provide a valid explanation of VCRD by Indian companies. Specifically, the findings emphasized the importance of firm size, leverage, and beta as significant VCRD determinants. Additionally, the study found that knowledge-intensive industries had a favourable impact on the extent of VCRD. Research limitations/implications – This study is relevant because it informs company management, regulators and investors about the nature and characteristics of companies that satisfy stakeholder demands to prevent cyber breaches. Originality/value – Understanding disclosure characteristics is crucial from policy and regulatory perspectives. Studies on cybersecurity disclosures are related to developed economies such as the United States of America and Canada. This is the first study to explore this issue in a developing nation, in general, and in India, in particular, where cybersecurity risk disclosure has yet to be recognized.https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/AJAR-12-2023-0413/full/pdfCybersecurityCybersecurity risk disclosureVoluntary risk disclosureFirm-characteristicsKnowledge-intensive |
| spellingShingle | Harmandeep Singh Voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures and firms’ characteristics: the moderating role of the knowledge-intensive industry AJAR (Asian Journal of Accounting Research) Cybersecurity Cybersecurity risk disclosure Voluntary risk disclosure Firm-characteristics Knowledge-intensive |
| title | Voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures and firms’ characteristics: the moderating role of the knowledge-intensive industry |
| title_full | Voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures and firms’ characteristics: the moderating role of the knowledge-intensive industry |
| title_fullStr | Voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures and firms’ characteristics: the moderating role of the knowledge-intensive industry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures and firms’ characteristics: the moderating role of the knowledge-intensive industry |
| title_short | Voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures and firms’ characteristics: the moderating role of the knowledge-intensive industry |
| title_sort | voluntary cybersecurity risk disclosures and firms characteristics the moderating role of the knowledge intensive industry |
| topic | Cybersecurity Cybersecurity risk disclosure Voluntary risk disclosure Firm-characteristics Knowledge-intensive |
| url | https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/AJAR-12-2023-0413/full/pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT harmandeepsingh voluntarycybersecurityriskdisclosuresandfirmscharacteristicsthemoderatingroleoftheknowledgeintensiveindustry |