Proximity to a hazardous waste thermal treatment facility alters human physiology: a community-driven pilot study

Open burn/open detonation (OB/OD) disposes of explosive waste via uncontrolled combustion, releasing harmful pollutants like toxic gases and particulate matter. Colfax, Louisiana, houses the nation’s only commercially OB/OD thermal treatment (TT) facility, raising concerns about environmental and pu...

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Main Authors: Avinash Kumar, Chuqi Guo, Qudus Sarumi, Christopher Courtney, Shawn Campagna, Jennifer Richmond-Bryant, Stephania A. Cormier
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Experimental Biology and Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.ebm-journal.org/articles/10.3389/ebm.2025.10655/full
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author Avinash Kumar
Avinash Kumar
Chuqi Guo
Qudus Sarumi
Christopher Courtney
Shawn Campagna
Shawn Campagna
Jennifer Richmond-Bryant
Stephania A. Cormier
Stephania A. Cormier
author_facet Avinash Kumar
Avinash Kumar
Chuqi Guo
Qudus Sarumi
Christopher Courtney
Shawn Campagna
Shawn Campagna
Jennifer Richmond-Bryant
Stephania A. Cormier
Stephania A. Cormier
author_sort Avinash Kumar
collection DOAJ
description Open burn/open detonation (OB/OD) disposes of explosive waste via uncontrolled combustion, releasing harmful pollutants like toxic gases and particulate matter. Colfax, Louisiana, houses the nation’s only commercially OB/OD thermal treatment (TT) facility, raising concerns about environmental and public health impacts due to its emissions. In this exploratory pilot study, we investigated metabolic alterations indicative of potential health impacts from exposure to emissions from a TT facility through an untargeted metabolomics analysis of urine samples obtained from local residents. Urine samples were collected from 51 residents living within a 30-km radius of the facility, with proximity, race, and sex as key variables. Samples were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) to identify metabolic alterations and potential biomarkers of exposure. A total of 217 metabolites were identified, with significant differences in abundance based on proximity to the facility. Key metabolic pathways affected included energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and oxidative stress-related pathways. Metabolites associated with oxidative stress, such as glutathione sulfonamide (GSA), were elevated in individuals residing closer to the facility, indicating increased oxidative stress. Alterations in the glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratio further highlighted redox imbalances. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed perturbations in glycolysis, citric acid cycle, sulfur metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism, which are linked to critical biological functions like energy production and DNA repair. Notable differences in metabolite profiles were also observed between sexes and racial groups, pointing to the interplay of intrinsic biological and environmental factors. These findings demonstrate that exposure to emissions from the TT facility may have significant impacts on human health, including disruptions in cellular metabolism and increased oxidative stress. Further research is crucial to understand the long-term health implications of these metabolic alterations and to develop strategies to mitigate the environmental and health risks associated with this facility.
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spelling doaj-art-d4e788d509c3447ebf10ce0df3382b342025-08-20T03:41:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Experimental Biology and Medicine1535-36992025-08-0125010.3389/ebm.2025.1065510655Proximity to a hazardous waste thermal treatment facility alters human physiology: a community-driven pilot studyAvinash Kumar0Avinash Kumar1Chuqi Guo2Qudus Sarumi3Christopher Courtney4Shawn Campagna5Shawn Campagna6Jennifer Richmond-Bryant7Stephania A. Cormier8Stephania A. Cormier9Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United StatesPennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United StatesDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United StatesDepartment of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United StatesDepartment of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United StatesDepartment of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United StatesBiological and Small Molecule Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United StatesDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United StatesDepartment of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United StatesPennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United StatesOpen burn/open detonation (OB/OD) disposes of explosive waste via uncontrolled combustion, releasing harmful pollutants like toxic gases and particulate matter. Colfax, Louisiana, houses the nation’s only commercially OB/OD thermal treatment (TT) facility, raising concerns about environmental and public health impacts due to its emissions. In this exploratory pilot study, we investigated metabolic alterations indicative of potential health impacts from exposure to emissions from a TT facility through an untargeted metabolomics analysis of urine samples obtained from local residents. Urine samples were collected from 51 residents living within a 30-km radius of the facility, with proximity, race, and sex as key variables. Samples were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) to identify metabolic alterations and potential biomarkers of exposure. A total of 217 metabolites were identified, with significant differences in abundance based on proximity to the facility. Key metabolic pathways affected included energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and oxidative stress-related pathways. Metabolites associated with oxidative stress, such as glutathione sulfonamide (GSA), were elevated in individuals residing closer to the facility, indicating increased oxidative stress. Alterations in the glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratio further highlighted redox imbalances. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed perturbations in glycolysis, citric acid cycle, sulfur metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism, which are linked to critical biological functions like energy production and DNA repair. Notable differences in metabolite profiles were also observed between sexes and racial groups, pointing to the interplay of intrinsic biological and environmental factors. These findings demonstrate that exposure to emissions from the TT facility may have significant impacts on human health, including disruptions in cellular metabolism and increased oxidative stress. Further research is crucial to understand the long-term health implications of these metabolic alterations and to develop strategies to mitigate the environmental and health risks associated with this facility.https://www.ebm-journal.org/articles/10.3389/ebm.2025.10655/fullmetabolomicsopen burnhazard waste remediationenvironmental exposureoxidative stress
spellingShingle Avinash Kumar
Avinash Kumar
Chuqi Guo
Qudus Sarumi
Christopher Courtney
Shawn Campagna
Shawn Campagna
Jennifer Richmond-Bryant
Stephania A. Cormier
Stephania A. Cormier
Proximity to a hazardous waste thermal treatment facility alters human physiology: a community-driven pilot study
Experimental Biology and Medicine
metabolomics
open burn
hazard waste remediation
environmental exposure
oxidative stress
title Proximity to a hazardous waste thermal treatment facility alters human physiology: a community-driven pilot study
title_full Proximity to a hazardous waste thermal treatment facility alters human physiology: a community-driven pilot study
title_fullStr Proximity to a hazardous waste thermal treatment facility alters human physiology: a community-driven pilot study
title_full_unstemmed Proximity to a hazardous waste thermal treatment facility alters human physiology: a community-driven pilot study
title_short Proximity to a hazardous waste thermal treatment facility alters human physiology: a community-driven pilot study
title_sort proximity to a hazardous waste thermal treatment facility alters human physiology a community driven pilot study
topic metabolomics
open burn
hazard waste remediation
environmental exposure
oxidative stress
url https://www.ebm-journal.org/articles/10.3389/ebm.2025.10655/full
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