Decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing analysis

BackgroundIschemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of adult disability worldwide. The inflammatory processes involved are complex, making it challenging to fully understand the pathological mechanisms of IS. Phagocytosis plays an important role in eliminating neurotoxic or damaged neurons resulting f...

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Main Authors: Yating Lan, Chun Zou, Feiyu Nong, Qi Huang, Jingyi Zeng, Wenyi Song, Guining Liang, Qingyan Wei, Mika Pan, Donghua Zou, Yaobin Long
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1549518/full
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author Yating Lan
Chun Zou
Feiyu Nong
Qi Huang
Jingyi Zeng
Wenyi Song
Guining Liang
Qingyan Wei
Mika Pan
Donghua Zou
Yaobin Long
author_facet Yating Lan
Chun Zou
Feiyu Nong
Qi Huang
Jingyi Zeng
Wenyi Song
Guining Liang
Qingyan Wei
Mika Pan
Donghua Zou
Yaobin Long
author_sort Yating Lan
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundIschemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of adult disability worldwide. The inflammatory processes involved are complex, making it challenging to fully understand the pathological mechanisms of IS. Phagocytosis plays an important role in eliminating neurotoxic or damaged neurons resulting from inflammatory responses. This study employed bioinformatics methods to analyze single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to investigate the cell types and molecular biological processes involved in IS.MethodsscRNA-seq data for IS were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Following sample screening and reprocessing, 5,582 single cells were identified from healthy controls and patients with IS. Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) was utilized to further explore the cellular composition in IS. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes was conducted to identify transcriptional regulators, whereas cell developmental trajectories were predicted to uncover potential cell fate decisions. iTALK was employed to identify potential ligand-receptor axes within the cell-type immune microenvironment of IS.ResultsBased on scRNA-seq data analysis, we identified four cell types and their associated subclusters, along with genes exhibiting significant differential expression within these subclusters. Phagocytosis was significantly enriched in cell types linked to IS, while the differentiation trajectories of subpopulations in IS was different. Additionally, multiple receptor-ligand axes were identified, indicating diverse interactions within the immune microenvironment of IS.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that phagocytosis in IS cell types critically influences disease progression. It also predicted the trajectories of infarct cells. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying IS and highlight potential pathways for therapeutic intervention.
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spelling doaj-art-d4d5289bb7bc403b8f2b743fe2c26c282025-08-20T02:26:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience1663-43652025-04-011710.3389/fnagi.2025.15495181549518Decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing analysisYating Lan0Chun Zou1Feiyu Nong2Qi Huang3Jingyi Zeng4Wenyi Song5Guining Liang6Qingyan Wei7Mika Pan8Donghua Zou9Yaobin Long10Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaBackgroundIschemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of adult disability worldwide. The inflammatory processes involved are complex, making it challenging to fully understand the pathological mechanisms of IS. Phagocytosis plays an important role in eliminating neurotoxic or damaged neurons resulting from inflammatory responses. This study employed bioinformatics methods to analyze single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to investigate the cell types and molecular biological processes involved in IS.MethodsscRNA-seq data for IS were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Following sample screening and reprocessing, 5,582 single cells were identified from healthy controls and patients with IS. Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) was utilized to further explore the cellular composition in IS. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes was conducted to identify transcriptional regulators, whereas cell developmental trajectories were predicted to uncover potential cell fate decisions. iTALK was employed to identify potential ligand-receptor axes within the cell-type immune microenvironment of IS.ResultsBased on scRNA-seq data analysis, we identified four cell types and their associated subclusters, along with genes exhibiting significant differential expression within these subclusters. Phagocytosis was significantly enriched in cell types linked to IS, while the differentiation trajectories of subpopulations in IS was different. Additionally, multiple receptor-ligand axes were identified, indicating diverse interactions within the immune microenvironment of IS.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that phagocytosis in IS cell types critically influences disease progression. It also predicted the trajectories of infarct cells. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying IS and highlight potential pathways for therapeutic intervention.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1549518/fullischemic strokeimmune cellssingle cell analysisphagocytosisenrichment analysisdifferential gene expression
spellingShingle Yating Lan
Chun Zou
Feiyu Nong
Qi Huang
Jingyi Zeng
Wenyi Song
Guining Liang
Qingyan Wei
Mika Pan
Donghua Zou
Yaobin Long
Decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing analysis
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
ischemic stroke
immune cells
single cell analysis
phagocytosis
enrichment analysis
differential gene expression
title Decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing analysis
title_full Decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing analysis
title_fullStr Decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing analysis
title_full_unstemmed Decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing analysis
title_short Decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing analysis
title_sort decoding immune cell dynamics in ischemic stroke insights from single cell rna sequencing analysis
topic ischemic stroke
immune cells
single cell analysis
phagocytosis
enrichment analysis
differential gene expression
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1549518/full
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