Overlooked discrepancies in protocols undermine coastal restoration practices in China

Abstract To improve the success of expanding ecosystem restoration efforts, technical guiding-standards are being developed in many nations. Whether these protocols have been well adopted to guide restoration practices remains unknown, especially in developing countries where policies evolve rapidly...

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Main Authors: Tian Xie, Zhonghua Ning, Baoshan Cui, Qiang He, Cong Chen, Zhenchang Zhu, Yujia Zhai, Guogui Chen, Qing Wang, Shanze Li, Junhong Bai, Christopher B. Craft, Tjeerd J. Bouma, Zhifeng Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-01-01
Series:Communications Earth & Environment
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-01995-x
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author Tian Xie
Zhonghua Ning
Baoshan Cui
Qiang He
Cong Chen
Zhenchang Zhu
Yujia Zhai
Guogui Chen
Qing Wang
Shanze Li
Junhong Bai
Christopher B. Craft
Tjeerd J. Bouma
Zhifeng Yang
author_facet Tian Xie
Zhonghua Ning
Baoshan Cui
Qiang He
Cong Chen
Zhenchang Zhu
Yujia Zhai
Guogui Chen
Qing Wang
Shanze Li
Junhong Bai
Christopher B. Craft
Tjeerd J. Bouma
Zhifeng Yang
author_sort Tian Xie
collection DOAJ
description Abstract To improve the success of expanding ecosystem restoration efforts, technical guiding-standards are being developed in many nations. Whether these protocols have been well adopted to guide restoration practices remains unknown, especially in developing countries where policies evolve rapidly to balance socioeconomic development with ecosystem restoration. By conducting text semantic mining analyses, we reveal widespread discrepancies between China’s coastal restoration practices and protocols over the past four decades. Over 60% of executed restoration projects had no detailed technical standards to guide implementation, especially for severely degraded ecosystems. Development of these standards lagged significantly behind project implementation, was poorly enforced, and focused more on monitoring than guiding good restoration designs and adaptive management, likely undermining restoration performance. Nevertheless, current policies toward prioritizing ecosystem restoration offer opportunities to remedy this issue. Enforcing policies to ensure that practices are guided by protocols is necessary to promote coastal restoration success in China and globally as nations strive to achieve ambitious restoration targets.
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issn 2662-4435
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Earth & Environment
spelling doaj-art-d4bad4f107c747dc8f1d773738b95fa02025-08-20T02:36:41ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352025-01-016111110.1038/s43247-025-01995-xOverlooked discrepancies in protocols undermine coastal restoration practices in ChinaTian Xie0Zhonghua Ning1Baoshan Cui2Qiang He3Cong Chen4Zhenchang Zhu5Yujia Zhai6Guogui Chen7Qing Wang8Shanze Li9Junhong Bai10Christopher B. Craft11Tjeerd J. Bouma12Zhifeng Yang13School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Yellow River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Beijing Normal UniversitySchool of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry UniversitySchool of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Yellow River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Beijing Normal UniversityCoastal Ecology Lab, MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityResearch and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityGuangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Guangdong University of TechnologySchool of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Yellow River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Beijing Normal UniversityResearch and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityResearch and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchSchool of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Yellow River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Beijing Normal UniversitySchool of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana UniversityDepartment of Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchSchool of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Yellow River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Beijing Normal UniversityAbstract To improve the success of expanding ecosystem restoration efforts, technical guiding-standards are being developed in many nations. Whether these protocols have been well adopted to guide restoration practices remains unknown, especially in developing countries where policies evolve rapidly to balance socioeconomic development with ecosystem restoration. By conducting text semantic mining analyses, we reveal widespread discrepancies between China’s coastal restoration practices and protocols over the past four decades. Over 60% of executed restoration projects had no detailed technical standards to guide implementation, especially for severely degraded ecosystems. Development of these standards lagged significantly behind project implementation, was poorly enforced, and focused more on monitoring than guiding good restoration designs and adaptive management, likely undermining restoration performance. Nevertheless, current policies toward prioritizing ecosystem restoration offer opportunities to remedy this issue. Enforcing policies to ensure that practices are guided by protocols is necessary to promote coastal restoration success in China and globally as nations strive to achieve ambitious restoration targets.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-01995-x
spellingShingle Tian Xie
Zhonghua Ning
Baoshan Cui
Qiang He
Cong Chen
Zhenchang Zhu
Yujia Zhai
Guogui Chen
Qing Wang
Shanze Li
Junhong Bai
Christopher B. Craft
Tjeerd J. Bouma
Zhifeng Yang
Overlooked discrepancies in protocols undermine coastal restoration practices in China
Communications Earth & Environment
title Overlooked discrepancies in protocols undermine coastal restoration practices in China
title_full Overlooked discrepancies in protocols undermine coastal restoration practices in China
title_fullStr Overlooked discrepancies in protocols undermine coastal restoration practices in China
title_full_unstemmed Overlooked discrepancies in protocols undermine coastal restoration practices in China
title_short Overlooked discrepancies in protocols undermine coastal restoration practices in China
title_sort overlooked discrepancies in protocols undermine coastal restoration practices in china
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-01995-x
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