Lightweight Depthwise Pooling Transformer for Enhanced Coffee Bean Recognition
As global trade networks rapidly expand, coffee production and consumption have increased globally, profoundly influencing modern lifestyles. However, the coffee production process still demands substantial labor, especially in the selection and processing of coffee beans. The high implementation co...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/92/1/69 |
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| author | Liang-Ying Ke Pin-Feng Lin Chih-Hsien Hsia |
| author_facet | Liang-Ying Ke Pin-Feng Lin Chih-Hsien Hsia |
| author_sort | Liang-Ying Ke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As global trade networks rapidly expand, coffee production and consumption have increased globally, profoundly influencing modern lifestyles. However, the coffee production process still demands substantial labor, especially in the selection and processing of coffee beans. The high implementation costs have impeded its widespread adoption. Therefore, we developed a defect detection and roasting level recognition method using a lightweight vision transformer (ViT) based on the deep learning (DL) method to extract features from coffee bean images. The developed method effectively reduces the overall cost of the coffee production process, showing a recognition accuracy of 98.49% for the Coffee Cobra database and 99.68% for the Roasting Coffee Bean database. The number of the model parameters was only 0.13 M, making it appropriate to deploy to low-cost embedded platforms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d4b8000e84344f9fb8dca4fbbef84955 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-4591 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Engineering Proceedings |
| spelling | doaj-art-d4b8000e84344f9fb8dca4fbbef849552025-08-20T03:26:52ZengMDPI AGEngineering Proceedings2673-45912025-05-019216910.3390/engproc2025092069Lightweight Depthwise Pooling Transformer for Enhanced Coffee Bean RecognitionLiang-Ying Ke0Pin-Feng Lin1Chih-Hsien Hsia2Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, TaiwanDa Ren Catholic High School, Taipei 114, TaiwanDepartment of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan 260, TaiwanAs global trade networks rapidly expand, coffee production and consumption have increased globally, profoundly influencing modern lifestyles. However, the coffee production process still demands substantial labor, especially in the selection and processing of coffee beans. The high implementation costs have impeded its widespread adoption. Therefore, we developed a defect detection and roasting level recognition method using a lightweight vision transformer (ViT) based on the deep learning (DL) method to extract features from coffee bean images. The developed method effectively reduces the overall cost of the coffee production process, showing a recognition accuracy of 98.49% for the Coffee Cobra database and 99.68% for the Roasting Coffee Bean database. The number of the model parameters was only 0.13 M, making it appropriate to deploy to low-cost embedded platforms.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/92/1/69deep learningcoffee beanvision transformerlightweight |
| spellingShingle | Liang-Ying Ke Pin-Feng Lin Chih-Hsien Hsia Lightweight Depthwise Pooling Transformer for Enhanced Coffee Bean Recognition Engineering Proceedings deep learning coffee bean vision transformer lightweight |
| title | Lightweight Depthwise Pooling Transformer for Enhanced Coffee Bean Recognition |
| title_full | Lightweight Depthwise Pooling Transformer for Enhanced Coffee Bean Recognition |
| title_fullStr | Lightweight Depthwise Pooling Transformer for Enhanced Coffee Bean Recognition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lightweight Depthwise Pooling Transformer for Enhanced Coffee Bean Recognition |
| title_short | Lightweight Depthwise Pooling Transformer for Enhanced Coffee Bean Recognition |
| title_sort | lightweight depthwise pooling transformer for enhanced coffee bean recognition |
| topic | deep learning coffee bean vision transformer lightweight |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/92/1/69 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT liangyingke lightweightdepthwisepoolingtransformerforenhancedcoffeebeanrecognition AT pinfenglin lightweightdepthwisepoolingtransformerforenhancedcoffeebeanrecognition AT chihhsienhsia lightweightdepthwisepoolingtransformerforenhancedcoffeebeanrecognition |