Maize Autophagy-Related Protein ZmATG3 Confers Tolerance to Multiple Abiotic Stresses
Abiotic stresses pose a major increasing problem for the cultivation of maize. Autophagy plays a vital role in recycling and re-utilizing nutrients and adapting to stress. However, the role of autophagy in the response to abiotic stress in maize has not yet been investigated. Here, <i>ZmATG3&l...
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2024-06-01
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| author | Mengli Liu Li Ma Yao Tang Wangjing Yang Yuying Yang Jing Xi Xuan Wang Wanchao Zhu Jiquan Xue Xinghua Zhang Shutu Xu |
| author_facet | Mengli Liu Li Ma Yao Tang Wangjing Yang Yuying Yang Jing Xi Xuan Wang Wanchao Zhu Jiquan Xue Xinghua Zhang Shutu Xu |
| author_sort | Mengli Liu |
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| description | Abiotic stresses pose a major increasing problem for the cultivation of maize. Autophagy plays a vital role in recycling and re-utilizing nutrients and adapting to stress. However, the role of autophagy in the response to abiotic stress in maize has not yet been investigated. Here, <i>ZmATG3</i>, which is essential for ATG8-PE conjugation, was isolated from the maize inbred line B73. The ATG3 sequence was conserved, including the C-terminal domains with HPC and FLKF motifs and the catalytic domain in different species. The promoter of the <i>ZmATG3</i> gene contained a number of elements involved in responses to environmental stresses or hormones. Heterologous expression of <i>ZmATG3</i> in yeast promoted the growth of strain under salt, mannitol, and low-nitrogen stress. The expression of <i>ZmATG3</i> could be altered by various types of abiotic stress (200 mM NaCl, 200 mM mannitol, low N) and exogenous hormones (500 µM ABA). GUS staining analysis of <i>ZmATG3</i>-GUS transgenic Arabidopsis revealed that <i>GUS</i> gene activity increased after abiotic treatment. <i>ZmATG3</i>-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants had higher osmotic and salinity stress tolerance than wild-type plants. Overexpression of <i>ZmATG3</i> up-regulated the expression of other <i>AtATGs</i> (<i>AtATG3</i>, <i>AtATG5,</i> and <i>AtATG8b</i>) under NaCl, mannitol and LN stress. These findings demonstrate that overexpression of <i>ZmATG3</i> can improve tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses. |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-d4b66e224e1644ef8a50b6260024be1a2025-08-20T02:21:54ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-06-011312163710.3390/plants13121637Maize Autophagy-Related Protein ZmATG3 Confers Tolerance to Multiple Abiotic StressesMengli Liu0Li Ma1Yao Tang2Wangjing Yang3Yuying Yang4Jing Xi5Xuan Wang6Wanchao Zhu7Jiquan Xue8Xinghua Zhang9Shutu Xu10Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaYangling Qinfeng Seed-Industry Co., Ltd., Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaAbiotic stresses pose a major increasing problem for the cultivation of maize. Autophagy plays a vital role in recycling and re-utilizing nutrients and adapting to stress. However, the role of autophagy in the response to abiotic stress in maize has not yet been investigated. Here, <i>ZmATG3</i>, which is essential for ATG8-PE conjugation, was isolated from the maize inbred line B73. The ATG3 sequence was conserved, including the C-terminal domains with HPC and FLKF motifs and the catalytic domain in different species. The promoter of the <i>ZmATG3</i> gene contained a number of elements involved in responses to environmental stresses or hormones. Heterologous expression of <i>ZmATG3</i> in yeast promoted the growth of strain under salt, mannitol, and low-nitrogen stress. The expression of <i>ZmATG3</i> could be altered by various types of abiotic stress (200 mM NaCl, 200 mM mannitol, low N) and exogenous hormones (500 µM ABA). GUS staining analysis of <i>ZmATG3</i>-GUS transgenic Arabidopsis revealed that <i>GUS</i> gene activity increased after abiotic treatment. <i>ZmATG3</i>-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants had higher osmotic and salinity stress tolerance than wild-type plants. Overexpression of <i>ZmATG3</i> up-regulated the expression of other <i>AtATGs</i> (<i>AtATG3</i>, <i>AtATG5,</i> and <i>AtATG8b</i>) under NaCl, mannitol and LN stress. These findings demonstrate that overexpression of <i>ZmATG3</i> can improve tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/12/1637autophagy<i>ZmATG3</i>abiotic stressmaizeArabidopsis |
| spellingShingle | Mengli Liu Li Ma Yao Tang Wangjing Yang Yuying Yang Jing Xi Xuan Wang Wanchao Zhu Jiquan Xue Xinghua Zhang Shutu Xu Maize Autophagy-Related Protein ZmATG3 Confers Tolerance to Multiple Abiotic Stresses Plants autophagy <i>ZmATG3</i> abiotic stress maize Arabidopsis |
| title | Maize Autophagy-Related Protein ZmATG3 Confers Tolerance to Multiple Abiotic Stresses |
| title_full | Maize Autophagy-Related Protein ZmATG3 Confers Tolerance to Multiple Abiotic Stresses |
| title_fullStr | Maize Autophagy-Related Protein ZmATG3 Confers Tolerance to Multiple Abiotic Stresses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maize Autophagy-Related Protein ZmATG3 Confers Tolerance to Multiple Abiotic Stresses |
| title_short | Maize Autophagy-Related Protein ZmATG3 Confers Tolerance to Multiple Abiotic Stresses |
| title_sort | maize autophagy related protein zmatg3 confers tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses |
| topic | autophagy <i>ZmATG3</i> abiotic stress maize Arabidopsis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/12/1637 |
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