Biocontrol Potential of <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> Strain DXQ-1 Against Rice Blast Fungus Guy11

Fungal diseases severely threaten global agriculture, while conventional chemical fungicides face increasing restrictions due to environmental and safety concerns. In this study, we isolated a soil-derived <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> strain, DXQ-1, exhibiting strong antagonistic activity a...

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Main Authors: Qian Xu, Zhengli Shan, Zhihao Yang, Haoyu Ma, Lijuan Zou, Ming Dong, Tuo Qi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Microorganisms
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/7/1538
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author Qian Xu
Zhengli Shan
Zhihao Yang
Haoyu Ma
Lijuan Zou
Ming Dong
Tuo Qi
author_facet Qian Xu
Zhengli Shan
Zhihao Yang
Haoyu Ma
Lijuan Zou
Ming Dong
Tuo Qi
author_sort Qian Xu
collection DOAJ
description Fungal diseases severely threaten global agriculture, while conventional chemical fungicides face increasing restrictions due to environmental and safety concerns. In this study, we isolated a soil-derived <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> strain, DXQ-1, exhibiting strong antagonistic activity against plant pathogenic fungi, notably <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>, the causal agent of rice blast. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that DXQ-1 disrupts fungal hyphae and inhibits conidial germination, with a 24 h crude broth treatment reducing germination to 83.33% and completely blocking appressoria formation. LC-MS-based metabolomic analysis identified key antifungal components, including lipids (35.83%), organic acid derivatives (22.15%), and small bioactive molecules (e.g., Leu-Pro, LPE 15:0). After optimizing fermentation conditions (LB medium, pH 7.0, 28 °C, 48 h), the broth showed >90% inhibition against <i>M. oryzae</i> and <i>Nigrospora oryzae</i> and retained high thermal (68 °C, 1 h) and UV (4 h) stability. Field trials demonstrated effective disease control and significant promotion of rice growth, increasing plant height (17.7%), fresh weight (53.3%), and dry weight (33.3%). These findings highlight DXQ-1 as a promising biocontrol agent, offering a sustainable and effective alternative for managing fungal diseases in crops.
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issn 2076-2607
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publishDate 2025-06-01
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spelling doaj-art-d49c0f02ba0c422bbbe331fd302613022025-08-20T03:07:55ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-06-01137153810.3390/microorganisms13071538Biocontrol Potential of <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> Strain DXQ-1 Against Rice Blast Fungus Guy11Qian Xu0Zhengli Shan1Zhihao Yang2Haoyu Ma3Lijuan Zou4Ming Dong5Tuo Qi6Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Teachers’ College, Mianyang 621000, ChinaEcological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Teachers’ College, Mianyang 621000, ChinaEcological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Teachers’ College, Mianyang 621000, ChinaEcological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Teachers’ College, Mianyang 621000, ChinaEcological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Teachers’ College, Mianyang 621000, ChinaEcological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Teachers’ College, Mianyang 621000, ChinaEcological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Teachers’ College, Mianyang 621000, ChinaFungal diseases severely threaten global agriculture, while conventional chemical fungicides face increasing restrictions due to environmental and safety concerns. In this study, we isolated a soil-derived <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> strain, DXQ-1, exhibiting strong antagonistic activity against plant pathogenic fungi, notably <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>, the causal agent of rice blast. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that DXQ-1 disrupts fungal hyphae and inhibits conidial germination, with a 24 h crude broth treatment reducing germination to 83.33% and completely blocking appressoria formation. LC-MS-based metabolomic analysis identified key antifungal components, including lipids (35.83%), organic acid derivatives (22.15%), and small bioactive molecules (e.g., Leu-Pro, LPE 15:0). After optimizing fermentation conditions (LB medium, pH 7.0, 28 °C, 48 h), the broth showed >90% inhibition against <i>M. oryzae</i> and <i>Nigrospora oryzae</i> and retained high thermal (68 °C, 1 h) and UV (4 h) stability. Field trials demonstrated effective disease control and significant promotion of rice growth, increasing plant height (17.7%), fresh weight (53.3%), and dry weight (33.3%). These findings highlight DXQ-1 as a promising biocontrol agent, offering a sustainable and effective alternative for managing fungal diseases in crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/7/1538<i>Bacillus</i>fungal pathogenplant disease control<i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>antifungal metabolites
spellingShingle Qian Xu
Zhengli Shan
Zhihao Yang
Haoyu Ma
Lijuan Zou
Ming Dong
Tuo Qi
Biocontrol Potential of <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> Strain DXQ-1 Against Rice Blast Fungus Guy11
Microorganisms
<i>Bacillus</i>
fungal pathogen
plant disease control
<i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>
antifungal metabolites
title Biocontrol Potential of <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> Strain DXQ-1 Against Rice Blast Fungus Guy11
title_full Biocontrol Potential of <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> Strain DXQ-1 Against Rice Blast Fungus Guy11
title_fullStr Biocontrol Potential of <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> Strain DXQ-1 Against Rice Blast Fungus Guy11
title_full_unstemmed Biocontrol Potential of <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> Strain DXQ-1 Against Rice Blast Fungus Guy11
title_short Biocontrol Potential of <i>Bacillus stercoris</i> Strain DXQ-1 Against Rice Blast Fungus Guy11
title_sort biocontrol potential of i bacillus stercoris i strain dxq 1 against rice blast fungus guy11
topic <i>Bacillus</i>
fungal pathogen
plant disease control
<i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>
antifungal metabolites
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/7/1538
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