Vitamin D, Homocysteine, and Thyroid Dysfunction as Risk Factors for Missed Abortion: A Retrospective Risk Factor Analysis

Qianjin Fang, Lin Sang, Shihua Du, Runqiu Wang, Haihong Wu, Lu Yang, Jie Yu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230011, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qianjin Fang, De...

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Main Authors: Fang Q, Sang L, Du S, Wang R, Wu H, Yang L, Yu J
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Dove Medical Press 2025-05-01
Series:International Journal of Women's Health
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Online Access:https://www.dovepress.com/vitamin-d-homocysteine-and-thyroid-dysfunction-as-risk-factors-for-mis-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJWH
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author Fang Q
Sang L
Du S
Wang R
Wu H
Yang L
Yu J
author_facet Fang Q
Sang L
Du S
Wang R
Wu H
Yang L
Yu J
author_sort Fang Q
collection DOAJ
description Qianjin Fang, Lin Sang, Shihua Du, Runqiu Wang, Haihong Wu, Lu Yang, Jie Yu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230011, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qianjin Fang, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230011, People’s Republic of China, Email qianjinfang_fqj@126.comObjective: This study aimed to identify potential associations between missed abortion (MA) and risk factors, including low levels of vitamin D, high homocysteine, and abnormal thyroid function, among women undergoing early pregnancy assessments, thereby bridging the clinical knowledge gap regarding modifiable risk factors for MA.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed serum levels of vitamin D, (25-(OH)-D3), homocysteine (Hcy), and thyroid hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], thyroid peroxidase antibodies [TPOAb]) in 158 women who experienced missed abortion compared to 237 women with normal early pregnancy outcomes.Results: MA patients had significantly lower vitamin D levels (P = 0.04), higher Hcy (P < 0.05), and evidence of abnormal thyroid function, including TSH levels ≥ 4 mIU/L (P = 0.01) and positive TPOAb (P = 0.02). Low vitamin D was significantly associated with an increased risk of MA (odds ratio = 1.8; P = 0.03).Conclusion: These findings suggest that low vitamin D levels may be a potential risk factor for MA, highlighting the importance of monitoring and supplementation in early pregnancy to reduce the risk of missed abortion. As this study is retrospective, it cannot establish causality between the identified factors and MA.Keywords: missed abortion, vitamin D, homocysteine, thyroid function, risk factors
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series International Journal of Women's Health
spelling doaj-art-d46ab67209d545d9bf9356f31322e2342025-08-20T03:27:48ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of Women's Health1179-14112025-05-01Volume 17Issue 115871596103487Vitamin D, Homocysteine, and Thyroid Dysfunction as Risk Factors for Missed Abortion: A Retrospective Risk Factor AnalysisFang Q0Sang L1Du S2Wang R3Wu H4Yang L5Yu J6Obstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyQianjin Fang, Lin Sang, Shihua Du, Runqiu Wang, Haihong Wu, Lu Yang, Jie Yu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230011, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qianjin Fang, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230011, People’s Republic of China, Email qianjinfang_fqj@126.comObjective: This study aimed to identify potential associations between missed abortion (MA) and risk factors, including low levels of vitamin D, high homocysteine, and abnormal thyroid function, among women undergoing early pregnancy assessments, thereby bridging the clinical knowledge gap regarding modifiable risk factors for MA.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed serum levels of vitamin D, (25-(OH)-D3), homocysteine (Hcy), and thyroid hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], thyroid peroxidase antibodies [TPOAb]) in 158 women who experienced missed abortion compared to 237 women with normal early pregnancy outcomes.Results: MA patients had significantly lower vitamin D levels (P = 0.04), higher Hcy (P < 0.05), and evidence of abnormal thyroid function, including TSH levels ≥ 4 mIU/L (P = 0.01) and positive TPOAb (P = 0.02). Low vitamin D was significantly associated with an increased risk of MA (odds ratio = 1.8; P = 0.03).Conclusion: These findings suggest that low vitamin D levels may be a potential risk factor for MA, highlighting the importance of monitoring and supplementation in early pregnancy to reduce the risk of missed abortion. As this study is retrospective, it cannot establish causality between the identified factors and MA.Keywords: missed abortion, vitamin D, homocysteine, thyroid function, risk factorshttps://www.dovepress.com/vitamin-d-homocysteine-and-thyroid-dysfunction-as-risk-factors-for-mis-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJWHMissed abortionvitamin Dhomocysteinethyroid functionrisk factors
spellingShingle Fang Q
Sang L
Du S
Wang R
Wu H
Yang L
Yu J
Vitamin D, Homocysteine, and Thyroid Dysfunction as Risk Factors for Missed Abortion: A Retrospective Risk Factor Analysis
International Journal of Women's Health
Missed abortion
vitamin D
homocysteine
thyroid function
risk factors
title Vitamin D, Homocysteine, and Thyroid Dysfunction as Risk Factors for Missed Abortion: A Retrospective Risk Factor Analysis
title_full Vitamin D, Homocysteine, and Thyroid Dysfunction as Risk Factors for Missed Abortion: A Retrospective Risk Factor Analysis
title_fullStr Vitamin D, Homocysteine, and Thyroid Dysfunction as Risk Factors for Missed Abortion: A Retrospective Risk Factor Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Vitamin D, Homocysteine, and Thyroid Dysfunction as Risk Factors for Missed Abortion: A Retrospective Risk Factor Analysis
title_short Vitamin D, Homocysteine, and Thyroid Dysfunction as Risk Factors for Missed Abortion: A Retrospective Risk Factor Analysis
title_sort vitamin d homocysteine and thyroid dysfunction as risk factors for missed abortion a retrospective risk factor analysis
topic Missed abortion
vitamin D
homocysteine
thyroid function
risk factors
url https://www.dovepress.com/vitamin-d-homocysteine-and-thyroid-dysfunction-as-risk-factors-for-mis-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJWH
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