Unravelling the association between metformin and pan-cancers: Mendelian randomization combined with NHANES database analysis

Abstract Introduction An increasing number of studies have focused on the anti-tumor effect of metformin in recent years. However, the effect of metformin on different cancers remains controversial and lacks consensus. Methods A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was used t...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jia-Cheng Xiang, Ye An, Jian-Xuan Sun, Jin-Zhou Xu, Yi-Fan Xiong, Shao-Gang Wang, Qi-Dong Xia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-03-01
Series:Discover Oncology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02021-4
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