2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness
On 31 December 2019 the Wuhan Health Commission reported a cluster of atypical pneumonia cases that was linked to a wet market in the city of Wuhan, China. The first patients began experiencing symptoms of illness in mid-December 2019. Clinical isolates were found to contain a novel coronavirus wit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| Online Access: | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/12425 |
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| author | Robyn Ralph Jocelyne Lew Tiansheng Zeng Magie Francis Bei Xue Melissa Roux Ali Toloue Ostadgavahi Salvatore Rubino Nicholas J Dawe Mohammed N Al-Ahdal David J Kelvin Christopher D Richardson Jason Kindrachuk Darryl Falzarano Alyson Anne Kelvin |
| author_facet | Robyn Ralph Jocelyne Lew Tiansheng Zeng Magie Francis Bei Xue Melissa Roux Ali Toloue Ostadgavahi Salvatore Rubino Nicholas J Dawe Mohammed N Al-Ahdal David J Kelvin Christopher D Richardson Jason Kindrachuk Darryl Falzarano Alyson Anne Kelvin |
| author_sort | Robyn Ralph |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
On 31 December 2019 the Wuhan Health Commission reported a cluster of atypical pneumonia cases that was linked to a wet market in the city of Wuhan, China. The first patients began experiencing symptoms of illness in mid-December 2019. Clinical isolates were found to contain a novel coronavirus with similarity to bat coronaviruses. As of 28 January 2020, there are in excess of 4,500 laboratory-confirmed cases, with > 100 known deaths. As with the SARS-CoV, infections in children appear to be rare. Travel-related cases have been confirmed in multiple countries and regions outside mainland China including Germany, France, Thailand, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Canada, and the United States, as well as Hong Kong and Taiwan. Domestically in China, the virus has also been noted in several cities and provinces with cases in all but one provinence. While zoonotic transmission appears to be the original source of infections, the most alarming development is that human-to-human transmission is now prevelant. Of particular concern is that many healthcare workers have been infected in the current epidemic. There are several critical clinical questions that need to be resolved, including how efficient is human-to-human transmission? What is the animal reservoir? Is there an intermediate animal reservoir? Do the vaccines generated to the SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV or their proteins offer protection against 2019-nCoV? We offer a research perspective on the next steps for the generation of vaccines. We also present data on the use of in silico docking in gaining insight into 2019-nCoV Spike-receptor binding to aid in therapeutic development. Diagnostic PCR protocols can be found at https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus/laboratory-diagnostics-for-novel-coronavirus.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d467b0260ed34b2bb79a26f5a3e4b8d6 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-d467b0260ed34b2bb79a26f5a3e4b8d62025-08-20T02:27:11ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802020-01-01140110.3855/jidc.124252019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readinessRobyn Ralph 0Jocelyne Lew 1Tiansheng Zeng2Magie Francis3Bei Xue4Melissa Roux5Ali Toloue Ostadgavahi6Salvatore Rubino7Nicholas J Dawe8Mohammed N Al-Ahdal9David J Kelvin10Christopher D Richardson11Jason Kindrachuk12Darryl Falzarano13Alyson Anne Kelvin14Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaInternational Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaInternational Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaSezione di Microbiologia Sperimentale e Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaDepartment of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaInternational Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaLaboratory of Emerging and Re-Emerging Viruses, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization - International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac), Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada On 31 December 2019 the Wuhan Health Commission reported a cluster of atypical pneumonia cases that was linked to a wet market in the city of Wuhan, China. The first patients began experiencing symptoms of illness in mid-December 2019. Clinical isolates were found to contain a novel coronavirus with similarity to bat coronaviruses. As of 28 January 2020, there are in excess of 4,500 laboratory-confirmed cases, with > 100 known deaths. As with the SARS-CoV, infections in children appear to be rare. Travel-related cases have been confirmed in multiple countries and regions outside mainland China including Germany, France, Thailand, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Canada, and the United States, as well as Hong Kong and Taiwan. Domestically in China, the virus has also been noted in several cities and provinces with cases in all but one provinence. While zoonotic transmission appears to be the original source of infections, the most alarming development is that human-to-human transmission is now prevelant. Of particular concern is that many healthcare workers have been infected in the current epidemic. There are several critical clinical questions that need to be resolved, including how efficient is human-to-human transmission? What is the animal reservoir? Is there an intermediate animal reservoir? Do the vaccines generated to the SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV or their proteins offer protection against 2019-nCoV? We offer a research perspective on the next steps for the generation of vaccines. We also present data on the use of in silico docking in gaining insight into 2019-nCoV Spike-receptor binding to aid in therapeutic development. Diagnostic PCR protocols can be found at https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus/laboratory-diagnostics-for-novel-coronavirus. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/12425Wuhan2019-nCoVcoronavirushuman-to-human transmissionvaccine readiness |
| spellingShingle | Robyn Ralph Jocelyne Lew Tiansheng Zeng Magie Francis Bei Xue Melissa Roux Ali Toloue Ostadgavahi Salvatore Rubino Nicholas J Dawe Mohammed N Al-Ahdal David J Kelvin Christopher D Richardson Jason Kindrachuk Darryl Falzarano Alyson Anne Kelvin 2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Wuhan 2019-nCoV coronavirus human-to-human transmission vaccine readiness |
| title | 2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness |
| title_full | 2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness |
| title_fullStr | 2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness |
| title_short | 2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness |
| title_sort | 2019 ncov wuhan virus a novel coronavirus human to human transmission travel related cases and vaccine readiness |
| topic | Wuhan 2019-nCoV coronavirus human-to-human transmission vaccine readiness |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/12425 |
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