Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Oxidative Stress and Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammatory Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial

ABSTRACT Background and Aims Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is a key contributor to the inflammatory processes associated with T2DM, which can exacerbate disease pr...

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Main Authors: Shadi Behshad, Yaser Mohammadi, Gholamreza Anani Sarab, Mohammad Malekaneh, Azam Rezaei Farimani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Health Science Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70770
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author Shadi Behshad
Yaser Mohammadi
Gholamreza Anani Sarab
Mohammad Malekaneh
Azam Rezaei Farimani
author_facet Shadi Behshad
Yaser Mohammadi
Gholamreza Anani Sarab
Mohammad Malekaneh
Azam Rezaei Farimani
author_sort Shadi Behshad
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Background and Aims Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is a key contributor to the inflammatory processes associated with T2DM, which can exacerbate disease progression. This study aims to evaluate the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on oxidative stress markers and NLRP3 gene expression in patients with T2DM. Methods Sixty‐eight patients with T2DM, exhibiting HbA1c levels greater than 6.5% and serum 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels below 30 ng/mL, were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. Participants were assigned to either a vitamin D3 group (n = 34), receiving 50,000 IU/week for 8 weeks, or a placebo group (n = 34). Serum levels of oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA], total antioxidant capacity [TAC], and thiol levels) and NLRP3 gene expression were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Results The vitamin D3 group demonstrated a significant increase in serum 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels compared to the placebo group (p < 0.001). However, no significant changes were observed in oxidative stress markers (MDA, TAC, and thiol levels) between the groups. Importantly, NLRP3 gene expression was significantly reduced in the vitamin D3 group compared to the placebo group (p < 0.02). Conclusion These findings suggest that vitamin D3 supplementation may effectively reduce inflammation in T2DM patients by lowering NLRP3 expression. This supports the potential role of vitamin D3 as an adjunctive therapy for managing inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with T2DM.
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spelling doaj-art-d457fb58401940ea8edbd9c936f2438b2025-08-20T02:55:06ZengWileyHealth Science Reports2398-88352025-05-0185n/an/a10.1002/hsr2.70770Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Oxidative Stress and Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammatory Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical TrialShadi Behshad0Yaser Mohammadi1Gholamreza Anani Sarab2Mohammad Malekaneh3Azam Rezaei Farimani4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand IranStudent Research Committee Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran IranMedical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC) Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand IranDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand IranABSTRACT Background and Aims Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is a key contributor to the inflammatory processes associated with T2DM, which can exacerbate disease progression. This study aims to evaluate the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on oxidative stress markers and NLRP3 gene expression in patients with T2DM. Methods Sixty‐eight patients with T2DM, exhibiting HbA1c levels greater than 6.5% and serum 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels below 30 ng/mL, were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. Participants were assigned to either a vitamin D3 group (n = 34), receiving 50,000 IU/week for 8 weeks, or a placebo group (n = 34). Serum levels of oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA], total antioxidant capacity [TAC], and thiol levels) and NLRP3 gene expression were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Results The vitamin D3 group demonstrated a significant increase in serum 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels compared to the placebo group (p < 0.001). However, no significant changes were observed in oxidative stress markers (MDA, TAC, and thiol levels) between the groups. Importantly, NLRP3 gene expression was significantly reduced in the vitamin D3 group compared to the placebo group (p < 0.02). Conclusion These findings suggest that vitamin D3 supplementation may effectively reduce inflammation in T2DM patients by lowering NLRP3 expression. This supports the potential role of vitamin D3 as an adjunctive therapy for managing inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with T2DM.https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70770diabetesinflammationNLRP3oxidative stressrandomized clinical trialvitamin D3
spellingShingle Shadi Behshad
Yaser Mohammadi
Gholamreza Anani Sarab
Mohammad Malekaneh
Azam Rezaei Farimani
Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Oxidative Stress and Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammatory Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Health Science Reports
diabetes
inflammation
NLRP3
oxidative stress
randomized clinical trial
vitamin D3
title Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Oxidative Stress and Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammatory Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial
title_full Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Oxidative Stress and Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammatory Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial
title_fullStr Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Oxidative Stress and Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammatory Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Oxidative Stress and Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammatory Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial
title_short Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Oxidative Stress and Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammatory Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial
title_sort effect of vitamin d3 on the levels of oxidative stress and expression of the nlrp3 inflammatory gene in type 2 diabetes mellitus a randomized clinical trial
topic diabetes
inflammation
NLRP3
oxidative stress
randomized clinical trial
vitamin D3
url https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70770
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