Commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance sensor for green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles assay

Owing to their significant roles in multiple sectors, the demand for high-performance, rapid, user-friendly, and low-cost sensors is crucial for biosensing. This paper reports the performance of a commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor for detecting green-synthesized magnetic...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Pinaka Elda Swastika, Harlina Ardiyanti, Zurnansyah, Deska Lismawenning Puspitarum, Nurul Imani Istiqomah, Nur Aji Wibowo, Edi Suharyadi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2024-01-01
Series:Sensors International
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266635112400010X
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850076232450834432
author Pinaka Elda Swastika
Harlina Ardiyanti
Zurnansyah
Deska Lismawenning Puspitarum
Nurul Imani Istiqomah
Nur Aji Wibowo
Edi Suharyadi
author_facet Pinaka Elda Swastika
Harlina Ardiyanti
Zurnansyah
Deska Lismawenning Puspitarum
Nurul Imani Istiqomah
Nur Aji Wibowo
Edi Suharyadi
author_sort Pinaka Elda Swastika
collection DOAJ
description Owing to their significant roles in multiple sectors, the demand for high-performance, rapid, user-friendly, and low-cost sensors is crucial for biosensing. This paper reports the performance of a commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor for detecting green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) as potential magnetic labels. A Simple and low-cost design consisting of a TMR chip ALT-025 integrated with an Arduino microcontroller and a basic differential amplifier was developed to provide real-time and measurable digital readouts. Three kinds of ferrite MNPs (Fe3O4, CoFe2O4 and MnFe2O4) was synthesized by the coprecipitation method on the green synthesis approach utilizing Moringa Oleifera extracts. All sample have a face-centered cubic inverse spinel structure with average grain size of 10.3 nm, 9.2 nm and 6.1 nm for Fe3O4, CoFe2O4 and MnFe2O4, respectively. Furthermore, soft ferromagnetic behavior is identified for all sample with magnetization saturation of 55.3 emu/g, 37.6 emu/g, 19.3 emu/g for Fe3O4, CoFe2O4 and MnFe2O4, respectively. The sensor showed a promising performance in the detection of MNPs. For the three particles, the sensitivity exhibited a linear function of the MNPs concentration. The sensitivity is related not only to the particle size but also to the magnetization of the nanoparticles in the bias field. The change in the output voltage was proportional to the bias magnetization (MBias), indicating that particles with a higher bias magnetization can produce a stronger magnetic stray field on the TMR sensor surface. The sensor system successfully detected MNPs at different stray field intensities. Furthermore, a low limit of detection was achieved using these methods. Moreover, the remarkable stability and repeatability of the sensor is further validated by the steady signal acquired for 30s with an RSD of 0.5–28.5 %. Therefore, the integration of commercial chip-based TMR sensors and green-synthesized MNPs has great potential for advancing the detection of various biomolecules.
format Article
id doaj-art-d4322810f6f64a318719e8c02f150db1
institution DOAJ
issn 2666-3511
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
record_format Article
series Sensors International
spelling doaj-art-d4322810f6f64a318719e8c02f150db12025-08-20T02:46:04ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Sensors International2666-35112024-01-01510028810.1016/j.sintl.2024.100288Commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance sensor for green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles assayPinaka Elda Swastika0Harlina Ardiyanti1 Zurnansyah2Deska Lismawenning Puspitarum3Nurul Imani Istiqomah4Nur Aji Wibowo5Edi Suharyadi6Department of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Physics Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, IndonesiaDepartment of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, IndonesiaDepartment of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Physics, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Salatiga, IndonesiaDepartment of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Corresponding author.Owing to their significant roles in multiple sectors, the demand for high-performance, rapid, user-friendly, and low-cost sensors is crucial for biosensing. This paper reports the performance of a commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor for detecting green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) as potential magnetic labels. A Simple and low-cost design consisting of a TMR chip ALT-025 integrated with an Arduino microcontroller and a basic differential amplifier was developed to provide real-time and measurable digital readouts. Three kinds of ferrite MNPs (Fe3O4, CoFe2O4 and MnFe2O4) was synthesized by the coprecipitation method on the green synthesis approach utilizing Moringa Oleifera extracts. All sample have a face-centered cubic inverse spinel structure with average grain size of 10.3 nm, 9.2 nm and 6.1 nm for Fe3O4, CoFe2O4 and MnFe2O4, respectively. Furthermore, soft ferromagnetic behavior is identified for all sample with magnetization saturation of 55.3 emu/g, 37.6 emu/g, 19.3 emu/g for Fe3O4, CoFe2O4 and MnFe2O4, respectively. The sensor showed a promising performance in the detection of MNPs. For the three particles, the sensitivity exhibited a linear function of the MNPs concentration. The sensitivity is related not only to the particle size but also to the magnetization of the nanoparticles in the bias field. The change in the output voltage was proportional to the bias magnetization (MBias), indicating that particles with a higher bias magnetization can produce a stronger magnetic stray field on the TMR sensor surface. The sensor system successfully detected MNPs at different stray field intensities. Furthermore, a low limit of detection was achieved using these methods. Moreover, the remarkable stability and repeatability of the sensor is further validated by the steady signal acquired for 30s with an RSD of 0.5–28.5 %. Therefore, the integration of commercial chip-based TMR sensors and green-synthesized MNPs has great potential for advancing the detection of various biomolecules.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266635112400010XSensorTunneling magnetoresistanceCommercial chipGreen synthesisFerrite nanoparticles
spellingShingle Pinaka Elda Swastika
Harlina Ardiyanti
Zurnansyah
Deska Lismawenning Puspitarum
Nurul Imani Istiqomah
Nur Aji Wibowo
Edi Suharyadi
Commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance sensor for green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles assay
Sensors International
Sensor
Tunneling magnetoresistance
Commercial chip
Green synthesis
Ferrite nanoparticles
title Commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance sensor for green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles assay
title_full Commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance sensor for green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles assay
title_fullStr Commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance sensor for green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles assay
title_full_unstemmed Commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance sensor for green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles assay
title_short Commercial chip-based tunneling magnetoresistance sensor for green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles assay
title_sort commercial chip based tunneling magnetoresistance sensor for green synthesized magnetic nanoparticles assay
topic Sensor
Tunneling magnetoresistance
Commercial chip
Green synthesis
Ferrite nanoparticles
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266635112400010X
work_keys_str_mv AT pinakaeldaswastika commercialchipbasedtunnelingmagnetoresistancesensorforgreensynthesizedmagneticnanoparticlesassay
AT harlinaardiyanti commercialchipbasedtunnelingmagnetoresistancesensorforgreensynthesizedmagneticnanoparticlesassay
AT zurnansyah commercialchipbasedtunnelingmagnetoresistancesensorforgreensynthesizedmagneticnanoparticlesassay
AT deskalismawenningpuspitarum commercialchipbasedtunnelingmagnetoresistancesensorforgreensynthesizedmagneticnanoparticlesassay
AT nurulimaniistiqomah commercialchipbasedtunnelingmagnetoresistancesensorforgreensynthesizedmagneticnanoparticlesassay
AT nurajiwibowo commercialchipbasedtunnelingmagnetoresistancesensorforgreensynthesizedmagneticnanoparticlesassay
AT edisuharyadi commercialchipbasedtunnelingmagnetoresistancesensorforgreensynthesizedmagneticnanoparticlesassay