Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles via hordeum vulgare seed extract: catalysis, antioxidant, anti-cancerous and antimicrobial potential

Abstract This study demonstrates the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Hordeum vulgare seed extract, a natural polyphenol-rich reducing and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesized AgNPs were thoroughly characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, HRTEM, XPS, Zeta potential, DLS, T...

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Main Authors: Priya Gupta, Hira Ilyas, D. S. Raghav, Sudha Tomar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-07-01
Series:Discover Materials
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00342-3
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author Priya Gupta
Hira Ilyas
D. S. Raghav
Sudha Tomar
author_facet Priya Gupta
Hira Ilyas
D. S. Raghav
Sudha Tomar
author_sort Priya Gupta
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This study demonstrates the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Hordeum vulgare seed extract, a natural polyphenol-rich reducing and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesized AgNPs were thoroughly characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, HRTEM, XPS, Zeta potential, DLS, TGA, FTIR, and FE-SEM. The XRD and HR-TEM characteristic confirm the particle size range of 10–30 nm. The UV-Vis spectra showed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak between 400 and 450 nm, and XPS analysis confirmed the metallic nature of silver with distinct Ag 3d5/2 and Ag 3d3/2 peaks at 368.2 eV and 374.2 eV. A zeta potential of − 5.01 mV suggested moderate colloidal stability. The AgNPs displayed excellent catalytic efficiency in degrading Malachite Green dye, achieving over 95% degradation within 60 min at pH 8, following pseudo-first-order kinetics. The nanoparticles also retained catalytic activity over successive cycles, demonstrating strong recyclability and stability, making them suitable for environmental remediation. Furthermore, the AgNPs exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. Antioxidant evaluation using the DPPH assay showed strong radical scavenging potential with an IC₅₀ value of 23.46 ± 0.04 µg/mL. Importantly, cytotoxicity assays against HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells revealed a potent anticancer effect with an IC₅₀ of 4.61 µg/mL.
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spelling doaj-art-d41d141a0691484599f96602e168fdd52025-08-20T04:03:11ZengSpringerDiscover Materials2730-77272025-07-015112710.1007/s43939-025-00342-3Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles via hordeum vulgare seed extract: catalysis, antioxidant, anti-cancerous and antimicrobial potentialPriya Gupta0Hira Ilyas1D. S. Raghav2Sudha Tomar3Department of Applied Science & Humanities, Invertis University BareillyDepartment of Applied Science & Humanities, Invertis University BareillyDepartment of Applied Science & Humanities, Invertis University BareillyDepartment of Applied Science & Humanities, Invertis University BareillyAbstract This study demonstrates the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Hordeum vulgare seed extract, a natural polyphenol-rich reducing and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesized AgNPs were thoroughly characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, HRTEM, XPS, Zeta potential, DLS, TGA, FTIR, and FE-SEM. The XRD and HR-TEM characteristic confirm the particle size range of 10–30 nm. The UV-Vis spectra showed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak between 400 and 450 nm, and XPS analysis confirmed the metallic nature of silver with distinct Ag 3d5/2 and Ag 3d3/2 peaks at 368.2 eV and 374.2 eV. A zeta potential of − 5.01 mV suggested moderate colloidal stability. The AgNPs displayed excellent catalytic efficiency in degrading Malachite Green dye, achieving over 95% degradation within 60 min at pH 8, following pseudo-first-order kinetics. The nanoparticles also retained catalytic activity over successive cycles, demonstrating strong recyclability and stability, making them suitable for environmental remediation. Furthermore, the AgNPs exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. Antioxidant evaluation using the DPPH assay showed strong radical scavenging potential with an IC₅₀ value of 23.46 ± 0.04 µg/mL. Importantly, cytotoxicity assays against HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells revealed a potent anticancer effect with an IC₅₀ of 4.61 µg/mL.https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00342-3Hordeum vulgareSilver nanoparticlesAntioxidantAntimicrobialAnd green synthesis
spellingShingle Priya Gupta
Hira Ilyas
D. S. Raghav
Sudha Tomar
Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles via hordeum vulgare seed extract: catalysis, antioxidant, anti-cancerous and antimicrobial potential
Discover Materials
Hordeum vulgare
Silver nanoparticles
Antioxidant
Antimicrobial
And green synthesis
title Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles via hordeum vulgare seed extract: catalysis, antioxidant, anti-cancerous and antimicrobial potential
title_full Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles via hordeum vulgare seed extract: catalysis, antioxidant, anti-cancerous and antimicrobial potential
title_fullStr Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles via hordeum vulgare seed extract: catalysis, antioxidant, anti-cancerous and antimicrobial potential
title_full_unstemmed Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles via hordeum vulgare seed extract: catalysis, antioxidant, anti-cancerous and antimicrobial potential
title_short Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles via hordeum vulgare seed extract: catalysis, antioxidant, anti-cancerous and antimicrobial potential
title_sort sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles via hordeum vulgare seed extract catalysis antioxidant anti cancerous and antimicrobial potential
topic Hordeum vulgare
Silver nanoparticles
Antioxidant
Antimicrobial
And green synthesis
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-025-00342-3
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AT dsraghav sustainablesynthesisofsilvernanoparticlesviahordeumvulgareseedextractcatalysisantioxidantanticancerousandantimicrobialpotential
AT sudhatomar sustainablesynthesisofsilvernanoparticlesviahordeumvulgareseedextractcatalysisantioxidantanticancerousandantimicrobialpotential