Fractal-fractional mathematical modeling of monkeypox disease and analysis of its Ulam–Hyers stability

Abstract This paper utilizes a mathematical model based on the Atangana–Baleanu fractal-fractional derivative to investigate different epidemiological aspects of monkeypox virus infection. The goal is to evaluate the effects of treatment and vaccination on the transmission dynamics of the virus. Ini...

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Main Authors: Tharmalingam Gunasekar, Shanmugam Manikandan, Salma Haque, Murgan Suba, Nabil Mlaiki
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-02-01
Series:Boundary Value Problems
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13661-025-02013-x
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author Tharmalingam Gunasekar
Shanmugam Manikandan
Salma Haque
Murgan Suba
Nabil Mlaiki
author_facet Tharmalingam Gunasekar
Shanmugam Manikandan
Salma Haque
Murgan Suba
Nabil Mlaiki
author_sort Tharmalingam Gunasekar
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This paper utilizes a mathematical model based on the Atangana–Baleanu fractal-fractional derivative to investigate different epidemiological aspects of monkeypox virus infection. The goal is to evaluate the effects of treatment and vaccination on the transmission dynamics of the virus. Initially, the model utilizes integer-order nonlinear differential equations, integrating imperfect vaccination and treatment as control strategies within the human population. Subsequently, the model is reformulated using a fractal fractional-order derivative based on a power law to offer a more comprehensive insight into disease dynamics. Conditions are established for the basic reproduction number and equilibrium points, and the feasible region of the model is identified. Stability analysis of the endemic equilibrium is conducted using the Lyapunov function approach. The fixed-point method is used to explore the existence and uniqueness of solutions in the Atangana–Baleanu model with fractal-fractional derivative order. Additionally, the study examines Ulam–Hyer’s stability. The numerical scheme applies Lagrange’s interpolation polynomial, enabling precise model interpolation. We present numerical comparisons for various fractional and fractal orders to showcase the accuracy of our approach.
format Article
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issn 1687-2770
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher SpringerOpen
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series Boundary Value Problems
spelling doaj-art-d41ca1341d934ad0855551d2cc22bc552025-08-20T02:48:30ZengSpringerOpenBoundary Value Problems1687-27702025-02-012025113410.1186/s13661-025-02013-xFractal-fractional mathematical modeling of monkeypox disease and analysis of its Ulam–Hyers stabilityTharmalingam Gunasekar0Shanmugam Manikandan1Salma Haque2Murgan Suba3Nabil Mlaiki4Department of Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Mathematics and Sciences, Prince Sultan UniversityDepartment of Mathematics, S.A. Engineering College (Autonomous)Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Prince Sultan UniversityAbstract This paper utilizes a mathematical model based on the Atangana–Baleanu fractal-fractional derivative to investigate different epidemiological aspects of monkeypox virus infection. The goal is to evaluate the effects of treatment and vaccination on the transmission dynamics of the virus. Initially, the model utilizes integer-order nonlinear differential equations, integrating imperfect vaccination and treatment as control strategies within the human population. Subsequently, the model is reformulated using a fractal fractional-order derivative based on a power law to offer a more comprehensive insight into disease dynamics. Conditions are established for the basic reproduction number and equilibrium points, and the feasible region of the model is identified. Stability analysis of the endemic equilibrium is conducted using the Lyapunov function approach. The fixed-point method is used to explore the existence and uniqueness of solutions in the Atangana–Baleanu model with fractal-fractional derivative order. Additionally, the study examines Ulam–Hyer’s stability. The numerical scheme applies Lagrange’s interpolation polynomial, enabling precise model interpolation. We present numerical comparisons for various fractional and fractal orders to showcase the accuracy of our approach.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13661-025-02013-xFractal-fractionalFixed pointExistence and uniquenessUlam–Hyer’s stability
spellingShingle Tharmalingam Gunasekar
Shanmugam Manikandan
Salma Haque
Murgan Suba
Nabil Mlaiki
Fractal-fractional mathematical modeling of monkeypox disease and analysis of its Ulam–Hyers stability
Boundary Value Problems
Fractal-fractional
Fixed point
Existence and uniqueness
Ulam–Hyer’s stability
title Fractal-fractional mathematical modeling of monkeypox disease and analysis of its Ulam–Hyers stability
title_full Fractal-fractional mathematical modeling of monkeypox disease and analysis of its Ulam–Hyers stability
title_fullStr Fractal-fractional mathematical modeling of monkeypox disease and analysis of its Ulam–Hyers stability
title_full_unstemmed Fractal-fractional mathematical modeling of monkeypox disease and analysis of its Ulam–Hyers stability
title_short Fractal-fractional mathematical modeling of monkeypox disease and analysis of its Ulam–Hyers stability
title_sort fractal fractional mathematical modeling of monkeypox disease and analysis of its ulam hyers stability
topic Fractal-fractional
Fixed point
Existence and uniqueness
Ulam–Hyer’s stability
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13661-025-02013-x
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AT salmahaque fractalfractionalmathematicalmodelingofmonkeypoxdiseaseandanalysisofitsulamhyersstability
AT murgansuba fractalfractionalmathematicalmodelingofmonkeypoxdiseaseandanalysisofitsulamhyersstability
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