Phytochemical screening and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina

Helicobacter pylori, a common gastrointestinal bacterial pathogenic isolate infects 50% and 90% of the global and developing nations population respectively. This study aimed at evaluating the bioactive components and therapeutic potential of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amy...

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Main Authors: Precious Egharevba, Emilia Igue, Kingsley Enerijiofi, Orhue Amengialue
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Plovdiv University Press 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of BioScience and Biotechnology
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Online Access:https://editorial.uni-plovdiv.bg/index.php/JBB/article/view/533/389
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author Precious Egharevba
Emilia Igue
Kingsley Enerijiofi
Orhue Amengialue
author_facet Precious Egharevba
Emilia Igue
Kingsley Enerijiofi
Orhue Amengialue
author_sort Precious Egharevba
collection DOAJ
description Helicobacter pylori, a common gastrointestinal bacterial pathogenic isolate infects 50% and 90% of the global and developing nations population respectively. This study aimed at evaluating the bioactive components and therapeutic potential of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina plants extracts against Helicobacter pylori infection using standard physicochemical, in-vitro and in-vivo microbiological methods. Five (5) stool samples were collected from patients who presented with symptoms of gastrointestinal distress and diagnosed of ulcer at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, for the isolation of Helicobacter pylori. Phytochemical screening of ethanol extract of the test plants revealed the presence of bioactive constituents such as flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, saponin, steroids, phenols, alkaloids and terpenoids. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant’s extracts were determined at concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/ml. While the different plants extract demonstrated a better anti-Helicobacter pylori activity as well as MIC when compared to the commonly used antibiotic amoxicillin, and other conventional antibiotics, the anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and MIC of Vernonia amygdalina was higher, followed by Bryophyllum pinnatum and Ocimum gratissimum. The in-vivo study as carried out using Wistar albino rats demonstrated the promising therapeutic effect of the plants extract against Helicobacter pylori infection. This study therefore suggests that Vernonia amygdalina, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Ocimum gratissimum extracts possess anti-Helicobacter pylori properties, offering safe, effective, and cost-effective treatment options for the treatment of ulcer, caused by Helicobacter pylori.
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spelling doaj-art-d4131f06b92f40e5ad0dc3861056b5f52025-01-28T07:42:22ZengPlovdiv University PressJournal of BioScience and Biotechnology1314-62381314-62462025-01-0113216317110.69085/jbb20242163Phytochemical screening and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalinaPrecious Egharevba0Emilia Igue1Kingsley Enerijiofi2Orhue Amengialue3Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Computing, Wellspring University, Benin City, Edo State, NigeriaDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Computing, Wellspring University, Benin City, Edo State, NigeriaDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Glorious Vision University (formerly Samuel Adegboyega University), Ogwa, Edo State, NigeriaDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Glorious Vision University (formerly Samuel Adegboyega University), Ogwa, Edo State, NigeriaHelicobacter pylori, a common gastrointestinal bacterial pathogenic isolate infects 50% and 90% of the global and developing nations population respectively. This study aimed at evaluating the bioactive components and therapeutic potential of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina plants extracts against Helicobacter pylori infection using standard physicochemical, in-vitro and in-vivo microbiological methods. Five (5) stool samples were collected from patients who presented with symptoms of gastrointestinal distress and diagnosed of ulcer at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, for the isolation of Helicobacter pylori. Phytochemical screening of ethanol extract of the test plants revealed the presence of bioactive constituents such as flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, saponin, steroids, phenols, alkaloids and terpenoids. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant’s extracts were determined at concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/ml. While the different plants extract demonstrated a better anti-Helicobacter pylori activity as well as MIC when compared to the commonly used antibiotic amoxicillin, and other conventional antibiotics, the anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and MIC of Vernonia amygdalina was higher, followed by Bryophyllum pinnatum and Ocimum gratissimum. The in-vivo study as carried out using Wistar albino rats demonstrated the promising therapeutic effect of the plants extract against Helicobacter pylori infection. This study therefore suggests that Vernonia amygdalina, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Ocimum gratissimum extracts possess anti-Helicobacter pylori properties, offering safe, effective, and cost-effective treatment options for the treatment of ulcer, caused by Helicobacter pylori.https://editorial.uni-plovdiv.bg/index.php/JBB/article/view/533/389antimicrobialextracthelicobacter pyloriphytochemicalvernonia amygdalina
spellingShingle Precious Egharevba
Emilia Igue
Kingsley Enerijiofi
Orhue Amengialue
Phytochemical screening and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina
Journal of BioScience and Biotechnology
antimicrobial
extract
helicobacter pylori
phytochemical
vernonia amygdalina
title Phytochemical screening and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina
title_full Phytochemical screening and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina
title_fullStr Phytochemical screening and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina
title_full_unstemmed Phytochemical screening and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina
title_short Phytochemical screening and anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina
title_sort phytochemical screening and anti helicobacter pylori activity of bryophyllum pinnatum ocimum gratissimum and vernonia amygdalina
topic antimicrobial
extract
helicobacter pylori
phytochemical
vernonia amygdalina
url https://editorial.uni-plovdiv.bg/index.php/JBB/article/view/533/389
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AT kingsleyenerijiofi phytochemicalscreeningandantihelicobacterpyloriactivityofbryophyllumpinnatumocimumgratissimumandvernoniaamygdalina
AT orhueamengialue phytochemicalscreeningandantihelicobacterpyloriactivityofbryophyllumpinnatumocimumgratissimumandvernoniaamygdalina