Population Median Estimation Using Auxiliary Variables: A Simulation Study with Real Data Across Sample Sizes and Parameters

This paper introduces an enhanced class of ratio estimators, which employ the transformation technique on an auxiliary variable under simple random sampling to estimate the population median. The transformation strategy can reduce both the bias and mean square error, which can help estimators become...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Umer Daraz, Fatimah A. Almulhim, Mohammed Ahmed Alomair, Abdullah Mohammed Alomair
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Mathematics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/10/1660
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849327273067413504
author Umer Daraz
Fatimah A. Almulhim
Mohammed Ahmed Alomair
Abdullah Mohammed Alomair
author_facet Umer Daraz
Fatimah A. Almulhim
Mohammed Ahmed Alomair
Abdullah Mohammed Alomair
author_sort Umer Daraz
collection DOAJ
description This paper introduces an enhanced class of ratio estimators, which employ the transformation technique on an auxiliary variable under simple random sampling to estimate the population median. The transformation strategy can reduce both the bias and mean square error, which can help estimators become more efficient. The bias and mean square error of proposed estimators are investigated up to the first order of approximation. Through simulation studies and the analysis of various data sets, the performance of the proposed estimators is compared to existing methods. The proposed class of estimators improves the precision and efficiency of median estimation, ensuring more accurate and dependable results in various practical scenarios. The findings reveal that the new estimators show superior performance under the given conditions compared to traditional estimators.
format Article
id doaj-art-d3dca02478e543448046272659a89abd
institution Kabale University
issn 2227-7390
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Mathematics
spelling doaj-art-d3dca02478e543448046272659a89abd2025-08-20T03:47:54ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902025-05-011310166010.3390/math13101660Population Median Estimation Using Auxiliary Variables: A Simulation Study with Real Data Across Sample Sizes and ParametersUmer Daraz0Fatimah A. Almulhim1Mohammed Ahmed Alomair2Abdullah Mohammed Alomair3School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha 410017, ChinaDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Quantitative Methods, School of Business, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Quantitative Methods, School of Business, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaThis paper introduces an enhanced class of ratio estimators, which employ the transformation technique on an auxiliary variable under simple random sampling to estimate the population median. The transformation strategy can reduce both the bias and mean square error, which can help estimators become more efficient. The bias and mean square error of proposed estimators are investigated up to the first order of approximation. Through simulation studies and the analysis of various data sets, the performance of the proposed estimators is compared to existing methods. The proposed class of estimators improves the precision and efficiency of median estimation, ensuring more accurate and dependable results in various practical scenarios. The findings reveal that the new estimators show superior performance under the given conditions compared to traditional estimators.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/10/1660auxiliary informationpopulation medianrobust and non-conventional measuressample sizesskewed distributionssimulation study
spellingShingle Umer Daraz
Fatimah A. Almulhim
Mohammed Ahmed Alomair
Abdullah Mohammed Alomair
Population Median Estimation Using Auxiliary Variables: A Simulation Study with Real Data Across Sample Sizes and Parameters
Mathematics
auxiliary information
population median
robust and non-conventional measures
sample sizes
skewed distributions
simulation study
title Population Median Estimation Using Auxiliary Variables: A Simulation Study with Real Data Across Sample Sizes and Parameters
title_full Population Median Estimation Using Auxiliary Variables: A Simulation Study with Real Data Across Sample Sizes and Parameters
title_fullStr Population Median Estimation Using Auxiliary Variables: A Simulation Study with Real Data Across Sample Sizes and Parameters
title_full_unstemmed Population Median Estimation Using Auxiliary Variables: A Simulation Study with Real Data Across Sample Sizes and Parameters
title_short Population Median Estimation Using Auxiliary Variables: A Simulation Study with Real Data Across Sample Sizes and Parameters
title_sort population median estimation using auxiliary variables a simulation study with real data across sample sizes and parameters
topic auxiliary information
population median
robust and non-conventional measures
sample sizes
skewed distributions
simulation study
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/10/1660
work_keys_str_mv AT umerdaraz populationmedianestimationusingauxiliaryvariablesasimulationstudywithrealdataacrosssamplesizesandparameters
AT fatimahaalmulhim populationmedianestimationusingauxiliaryvariablesasimulationstudywithrealdataacrosssamplesizesandparameters
AT mohammedahmedalomair populationmedianestimationusingauxiliaryvariablesasimulationstudywithrealdataacrosssamplesizesandparameters
AT abdullahmohammedalomair populationmedianestimationusingauxiliaryvariablesasimulationstudywithrealdataacrosssamplesizesandparameters