Heterojunction-Engineered g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites with Superior Bilirubin Removal Efficiency for Enhanced Hemoperfusion Therapy

The g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> intercalation composite material was successfully synthesized and used as the adsorbent in the hemoperfusion device. Then, the cytotoxicity and hemolysis rate were studied. The experimental results proved that g-C&l...

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Main Authors: Lingdong Meng, Shouxuan Tao, Liyao Wang, Yu Cao, Jianhua Hou, Chengyin Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Molecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/13/2729
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author Lingdong Meng
Shouxuan Tao
Liyao Wang
Yu Cao
Jianhua Hou
Chengyin Wang
author_facet Lingdong Meng
Shouxuan Tao
Liyao Wang
Yu Cao
Jianhua Hou
Chengyin Wang
author_sort Lingdong Meng
collection DOAJ
description The g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> intercalation composite material was successfully synthesized and used as the adsorbent in the hemoperfusion device. Then, the cytotoxicity and hemolysis rate were studied. The experimental results proved that g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> was non-toxic to cells and would not cause hemolysis. The adsorption and removal performance of the composite material for bilirubin (BR) was explored as well. The maximum adsorption capacity for BR was 850 mg·g<sup>−1</sup>. Compared with the chemical hemoperfusion adsorbent coconut shell activated carbon (AC), the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> material presented excellent adsorption performance. Furthermore, SEM, infrared spectroscopy, XPS and other characterizations results indicated that g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> has an effective adsorption effect on bilirubin, and the main adsorption mechanism is chemical adsorption. This study demonstrates that g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> may be a potential adsorbent for hemoperfusion in the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1420-3049
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Molecules
spelling doaj-art-d3a21be739b04c07afbec14062c43e132025-08-20T03:28:29ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-06-013013272910.3390/molecules30132729Heterojunction-Engineered g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites with Superior Bilirubin Removal Efficiency for Enhanced Hemoperfusion TherapyLingdong Meng0Shouxuan Tao1Liyao Wang2Yu Cao3Jianhua Hou4Chengyin Wang5Hemodialysis Center of Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225000, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, ChinaFaculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, ChinaCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, ChinaThe g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> intercalation composite material was successfully synthesized and used as the adsorbent in the hemoperfusion device. Then, the cytotoxicity and hemolysis rate were studied. The experimental results proved that g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> was non-toxic to cells and would not cause hemolysis. The adsorption and removal performance of the composite material for bilirubin (BR) was explored as well. The maximum adsorption capacity for BR was 850 mg·g<sup>−1</sup>. Compared with the chemical hemoperfusion adsorbent coconut shell activated carbon (AC), the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> material presented excellent adsorption performance. Furthermore, SEM, infrared spectroscopy, XPS and other characterizations results indicated that g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> has an effective adsorption effect on bilirubin, and the main adsorption mechanism is chemical adsorption. This study demonstrates that g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> may be a potential adsorbent for hemoperfusion in the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/13/2729g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub>bilirubin (BR)hemoperfusionadsorbent
spellingShingle Lingdong Meng
Shouxuan Tao
Liyao Wang
Yu Cao
Jianhua Hou
Chengyin Wang
Heterojunction-Engineered g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites with Superior Bilirubin Removal Efficiency for Enhanced Hemoperfusion Therapy
Molecules
g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub>
bilirubin (BR)
hemoperfusion
adsorbent
title Heterojunction-Engineered g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites with Superior Bilirubin Removal Efficiency for Enhanced Hemoperfusion Therapy
title_full Heterojunction-Engineered g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites with Superior Bilirubin Removal Efficiency for Enhanced Hemoperfusion Therapy
title_fullStr Heterojunction-Engineered g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites with Superior Bilirubin Removal Efficiency for Enhanced Hemoperfusion Therapy
title_full_unstemmed Heterojunction-Engineered g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites with Superior Bilirubin Removal Efficiency for Enhanced Hemoperfusion Therapy
title_short Heterojunction-Engineered g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites with Superior Bilirubin Removal Efficiency for Enhanced Hemoperfusion Therapy
title_sort heterojunction engineered g c sub 3 sub n sub 4 sub tio sub 2 sub nanocomposites with superior bilirubin removal efficiency for enhanced hemoperfusion therapy
topic g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub>
bilirubin (BR)
hemoperfusion
adsorbent
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/13/2729
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