Bionic fractionalization in the trimer model of twisted bilayer graphene
Abstract Recent experiments on twisted van der Waals materials, inspired our study of a simplified triangular trimer model, which captures electron behavior at one-third filling in twisted bilayer graphene. Though simple, the model shows rich physics, including fractional excitations and fracton-lik...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Communications Materials |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-025-00849-5 |
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| _version_ | 1849710866078892032 |
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| author | Kevin Zhang Dan Mao Eun-Ah Kim Roderich Moessner |
| author_facet | Kevin Zhang Dan Mao Eun-Ah Kim Roderich Moessner |
| author_sort | Kevin Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Recent experiments on twisted van der Waals materials, inspired our study of a simplified triangular trimer model, which captures electron behavior at one-third filling in twisted bilayer graphene. Though simple, the model shows rich physics, including fractional excitations and fracton-like particles with restricted motion. Using Monte Carlo simulations and effective field theory, we uncover two notable phases: 1. A polar fluid phase with directional order. 2. A critical trimer liquid phase, where excitations carry fractional charge and display power-law correlations. These fractionalized excitations are bionic—they carry pairs of emergent gauge charges, revealed by algebraic correlations with two distinct exponents. Our field theory supports the numerical findings and critical exponents. The triangular trimer model emerges as a key platform to study fractionalization and fractons, where bionic monomers can evolve into fractons in nearby phases. This motivates experimental work in twisted van der Waals systems and materials with intermediate-range interactions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d3934e0d01a945df80f85576e669340b |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2662-4443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Communications Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-d3934e0d01a945df80f85576e669340b2025-08-20T03:14:46ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Materials2662-44432025-06-01611810.1038/s43246-025-00849-5Bionic fractionalization in the trimer model of twisted bilayer grapheneKevin Zhang0Dan Mao1Eun-Ah Kim2Roderich Moessner3Department of Physics, Cornell UniversityDepartment of Physics, Cornell UniversityDepartment of Physics, Cornell UniversityMax Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex SystemsAbstract Recent experiments on twisted van der Waals materials, inspired our study of a simplified triangular trimer model, which captures electron behavior at one-third filling in twisted bilayer graphene. Though simple, the model shows rich physics, including fractional excitations and fracton-like particles with restricted motion. Using Monte Carlo simulations and effective field theory, we uncover two notable phases: 1. A polar fluid phase with directional order. 2. A critical trimer liquid phase, where excitations carry fractional charge and display power-law correlations. These fractionalized excitations are bionic—they carry pairs of emergent gauge charges, revealed by algebraic correlations with two distinct exponents. Our field theory supports the numerical findings and critical exponents. The triangular trimer model emerges as a key platform to study fractionalization and fractons, where bionic monomers can evolve into fractons in nearby phases. This motivates experimental work in twisted van der Waals systems and materials with intermediate-range interactions.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-025-00849-5 |
| spellingShingle | Kevin Zhang Dan Mao Eun-Ah Kim Roderich Moessner Bionic fractionalization in the trimer model of twisted bilayer graphene Communications Materials |
| title | Bionic fractionalization in the trimer model of twisted bilayer graphene |
| title_full | Bionic fractionalization in the trimer model of twisted bilayer graphene |
| title_fullStr | Bionic fractionalization in the trimer model of twisted bilayer graphene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bionic fractionalization in the trimer model of twisted bilayer graphene |
| title_short | Bionic fractionalization in the trimer model of twisted bilayer graphene |
| title_sort | bionic fractionalization in the trimer model of twisted bilayer graphene |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-025-00849-5 |
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