Multi laser beams directed energy deposition of a high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy with coaxial wire feeding
Wire-feed laser directed energy deposition (WLDED) additive manufacturing technology, which utilizes a wire alloy, offers a high material utilization rate and produces less pollution, making it ideal for efficiently processing large components. However, the conventional paraxial wire feeding method...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Next Materials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949822825000942 |
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| author | J.Q. Yao Y.S. Wang X.W. Liu X.F. Chen S.M. Chen L. Hu H.T. Liu Y.H. Qian Y. Cheng B. Song C.Z. Yan Y.S. Shi |
| author_facet | J.Q. Yao Y.S. Wang X.W. Liu X.F. Chen S.M. Chen L. Hu H.T. Liu Y.H. Qian Y. Cheng B. Song C.Z. Yan Y.S. Shi |
| author_sort | J.Q. Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wire-feed laser directed energy deposition (WLDED) additive manufacturing technology, which utilizes a wire alloy, offers a high material utilization rate and produces less pollution, making it ideal for efficiently processing large components. However, the conventional paraxial wire feeding method faces challenges, such as inadequate coupling between the laser and the wire, as well as limited flexibility of the processing head when creating complex parts. This study introduces a new multi-laser beam coaxial wire feeding device designed to fabricate and analyze the high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy, frequently used in critical load-bearing aerospace components. By optimizing process parameters like wire feeding speed (WFS) and travel speed (TS), formability was improved with WFS set at 500 mm/min and TS at 4 mm/s. The findings show that the microstructural changes in various regions and the mechanical properties in the typical direction can be significantly influenced by the use of coaxial WLDED with specific thermal gradient (G) and solidification rate (R) characteristics, along with particular laser-wire coupling positions. The combined effects of a lower thermal gradient and heterogeneous nucleation, resulting from coaxial wire feeding, are essential in refining the microstructure of materials used in coaxial WLDED. As a result, the fundamental mechanisms underlying microstructural evolution and the improvement of tensile properties through multi-laser beam WLDED with a coaxial processing head have been elucidated. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d38a6c663d45402e9ee7e0e1fa9bda4d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2949-8228 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Next Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-d38a6c663d45402e9ee7e0e1fa9bda4d2025-08-20T03:16:18ZengElsevierNext Materials2949-82282025-07-01810057610.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100576Multi laser beams directed energy deposition of a high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy with coaxial wire feedingJ.Q. Yao0Y.S. Wang1X.W. Liu2X.F. Chen3S.M. Chen4L. Hu5H.T. Liu6Y.H. Qian7Y. Cheng8B. Song9C.Z. Yan10Y.S. Shi11State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Corresponding authors.Xi'an Aircraft Design and Research Institute of AVIC, Xi'an 710089, ChinaAVIC Xi'an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd., Xi'an 710089, ChinaShanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacturer Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200245, China; Corresponding authors.National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Flight Technology, Beijing 100074, ChinaBeijing Xinghang Electro-mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100074, ChinaNanjing Enigma Automation Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211113, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaWire-feed laser directed energy deposition (WLDED) additive manufacturing technology, which utilizes a wire alloy, offers a high material utilization rate and produces less pollution, making it ideal for efficiently processing large components. However, the conventional paraxial wire feeding method faces challenges, such as inadequate coupling between the laser and the wire, as well as limited flexibility of the processing head when creating complex parts. This study introduces a new multi-laser beam coaxial wire feeding device designed to fabricate and analyze the high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy, frequently used in critical load-bearing aerospace components. By optimizing process parameters like wire feeding speed (WFS) and travel speed (TS), formability was improved with WFS set at 500 mm/min and TS at 4 mm/s. The findings show that the microstructural changes in various regions and the mechanical properties in the typical direction can be significantly influenced by the use of coaxial WLDED with specific thermal gradient (G) and solidification rate (R) characteristics, along with particular laser-wire coupling positions. The combined effects of a lower thermal gradient and heterogeneous nucleation, resulting from coaxial wire feeding, are essential in refining the microstructure of materials used in coaxial WLDED. As a result, the fundamental mechanisms underlying microstructural evolution and the improvement of tensile properties through multi-laser beam WLDED with a coaxial processing head have been elucidated.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949822825000942Additive manufacturingMicrostructureMechanical propertyLaser directed energy depositionTC11 alloy |
| spellingShingle | J.Q. Yao Y.S. Wang X.W. Liu X.F. Chen S.M. Chen L. Hu H.T. Liu Y.H. Qian Y. Cheng B. Song C.Z. Yan Y.S. Shi Multi laser beams directed energy deposition of a high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy with coaxial wire feeding Next Materials Additive manufacturing Microstructure Mechanical property Laser directed energy deposition TC11 alloy |
| title | Multi laser beams directed energy deposition of a high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy with coaxial wire feeding |
| title_full | Multi laser beams directed energy deposition of a high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy with coaxial wire feeding |
| title_fullStr | Multi laser beams directed energy deposition of a high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy with coaxial wire feeding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi laser beams directed energy deposition of a high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy with coaxial wire feeding |
| title_short | Multi laser beams directed energy deposition of a high-strength and high-toughness TC11 titanium alloy with coaxial wire feeding |
| title_sort | multi laser beams directed energy deposition of a high strength and high toughness tc11 titanium alloy with coaxial wire feeding |
| topic | Additive manufacturing Microstructure Mechanical property Laser directed energy deposition TC11 alloy |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949822825000942 |
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