Optical, X-Ray Diffraction, and Magnetic Properties of the Cobalt-Substituted Nickel Chromium Ferrites (CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) Synthesized Using Sol-Gel Autocombustion Method
Cobalt-substituted nickel chromium ferrites (CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) have been synthesized using sol-gel autocombustion method and annealed at 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C. All the ferrite samples have been characterized using UV-VIS spectrophotometery, FT-IR spectroscopy, Tr...
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Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nanotechnology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/930243 |
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| author | Sonal Singhal Santosh Bhukal Jagdish Singh Kailash Chandra S. Bansal |
| author_facet | Sonal Singhal Santosh Bhukal Jagdish Singh Kailash Chandra S. Bansal |
| author_sort | Sonal Singhal |
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| description | Cobalt-substituted nickel chromium ferrites (CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) have been synthesized using sol-gel autocombustion method and annealed at 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C. All the ferrite samples have been characterized using UV-VIS spectrophotometery, FT-IR spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, powder X-Ray Diffraction, and magnetic measurements. Typical FT-IR spectra of the samples annealed at 400°C, 600°C, 800°C, and 1000°C exhibit two frequency bands in the range of ~480 cm−1 and ~590 cm−1 corresponding to the formation of octahedral and tetrahedral clusters of metal oxide, respectively. TEM images reveal that crystallite size increases from ~10 nm to ~45 nm as the annealing temperature is increased from 400°C to 1000°C. The unit cell parameter “a” is found to increase on increasing the cobalt concentration due to larger ionic radius of cobalt. Also, as the cobalt concentration increases, the saturation magnetization increases from 4.32 to 19.85 emu/g. This is due to the fact that cobalt ion replaces the less magnetic nickel ions. However, the coercivity decreases with increase in cobalt concentration due to the decrease in anisotropy field. The band gap has been calculated using UV-VIS spectrophotometry and has been found to decrease with the increase of particle size. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-9503 1687-9511 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
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| series | Journal of Nanotechnology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d380ec74c08948a3a17e0bb8c77339422025-02-03T05:43:44ZengWileyJournal of Nanotechnology1687-95031687-95112011-01-01201110.1155/2011/930243930243Optical, X-Ray Diffraction, and Magnetic Properties of the Cobalt-Substituted Nickel Chromium Ferrites (CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) Synthesized Using Sol-Gel Autocombustion MethodSonal Singhal0Santosh Bhukal1Jagdish Singh2Kailash Chandra3S. Bansal4Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, IndiaInstitute Instrumentation Centre, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, IndiaInstitute Instrumentation Centre, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, IndiaSchool of Physics and Materials Science, Thapar University, Patiala 147004, IndiaCobalt-substituted nickel chromium ferrites (CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) have been synthesized using sol-gel autocombustion method and annealed at 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C. All the ferrite samples have been characterized using UV-VIS spectrophotometery, FT-IR spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, powder X-Ray Diffraction, and magnetic measurements. Typical FT-IR spectra of the samples annealed at 400°C, 600°C, 800°C, and 1000°C exhibit two frequency bands in the range of ~480 cm−1 and ~590 cm−1 corresponding to the formation of octahedral and tetrahedral clusters of metal oxide, respectively. TEM images reveal that crystallite size increases from ~10 nm to ~45 nm as the annealing temperature is increased from 400°C to 1000°C. The unit cell parameter “a” is found to increase on increasing the cobalt concentration due to larger ionic radius of cobalt. Also, as the cobalt concentration increases, the saturation magnetization increases from 4.32 to 19.85 emu/g. This is due to the fact that cobalt ion replaces the less magnetic nickel ions. However, the coercivity decreases with increase in cobalt concentration due to the decrease in anisotropy field. The band gap has been calculated using UV-VIS spectrophotometry and has been found to decrease with the increase of particle size.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/930243 |
| spellingShingle | Sonal Singhal Santosh Bhukal Jagdish Singh Kailash Chandra S. Bansal Optical, X-Ray Diffraction, and Magnetic Properties of the Cobalt-Substituted Nickel Chromium Ferrites (CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) Synthesized Using Sol-Gel Autocombustion Method Journal of Nanotechnology |
| title | Optical, X-Ray Diffraction, and Magnetic Properties of the Cobalt-Substituted Nickel Chromium Ferrites
(CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) Synthesized Using Sol-Gel Autocombustion Method |
| title_full | Optical, X-Ray Diffraction, and Magnetic Properties of the Cobalt-Substituted Nickel Chromium Ferrites
(CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) Synthesized Using Sol-Gel Autocombustion Method |
| title_fullStr | Optical, X-Ray Diffraction, and Magnetic Properties of the Cobalt-Substituted Nickel Chromium Ferrites
(CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) Synthesized Using Sol-Gel Autocombustion Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optical, X-Ray Diffraction, and Magnetic Properties of the Cobalt-Substituted Nickel Chromium Ferrites
(CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) Synthesized Using Sol-Gel Autocombustion Method |
| title_short | Optical, X-Ray Diffraction, and Magnetic Properties of the Cobalt-Substituted Nickel Chromium Ferrites
(CrCo𝑥Ni1−𝑥FeO4, 𝑥=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) Synthesized Using Sol-Gel Autocombustion Method |
| title_sort | optical x ray diffraction and magnetic properties of the cobalt substituted nickel chromium ferrites crco𝑥ni1 𝑥feo4 𝑥 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 1 0 synthesized using sol gel autocombustion method |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/930243 |
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