Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment

Abstract Background Automated insulin delivery showed better results than standard insulin therapy, such as MDI. Therefore, we aimed to discuss the efficacy of Control IQ hybrid closed loop (HCL) during the daytime and nighttime for the type 1 diabetic population without restriction in age group or...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rahma Mogahed Rateb, Ammar Salah, Ahmed Kertam, Youssef Adel Youssef Ashmawi, Nourhan Hatem Mahmoud, Eslam Afifi, Ahmed Bayoumi, Salma Allam, Mohamed Saad Rakab
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01906-2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849234491185299456
author Rahma Mogahed Rateb
Ammar Salah
Ahmed Kertam
Youssef Adel Youssef Ashmawi
Nourhan Hatem Mahmoud
Eslam Afifi
Ahmed Bayoumi
Salma Allam
Mohamed Saad Rakab
author_facet Rahma Mogahed Rateb
Ammar Salah
Ahmed Kertam
Youssef Adel Youssef Ashmawi
Nourhan Hatem Mahmoud
Eslam Afifi
Ahmed Bayoumi
Salma Allam
Mohamed Saad Rakab
author_sort Rahma Mogahed Rateb
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Automated insulin delivery showed better results than standard insulin therapy, such as MDI. Therefore, we aimed to discuss the efficacy of Control IQ hybrid closed loop (HCL) during the daytime and nighttime for the type 1 diabetic population without restriction in age group or disease severity. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and related article citations. We analyzed the time in range (TIR), time below range (TBR), time above range (TAR), HBA1c, and serious adverse events (AEs) to ensure safety and efficacy. We used a random effects model when heterogeneity was present; otherwise, we used a fixed effects model. Data was presented as mean difference and 95% confidence intervals. Results We selected seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) out of 1339 articles for the analysis. After analysis of pooled studies data, Control IQ showed improvement in TIR 70–180 mg/dl 24 h data (MD 11.75%, CI 95% (9.54 to 13.97), p = 0.000001) with a similar effect observed in daytime and nighttime. Significant reduction in HbA1c (MD -0.38%, CI 95% (-0.55 to -0.22), p = 0.00001) and 24-hour coefficient variation (CV) measurement (MD -1.42%, CI 95% (-2.22 to -0.61), p = 0.0006) in the Control IQ group compared to the standard therapy group. However, daytime TBR < 70 mg/dl did not show significant improvement (MD -0.22%, CI 95% (-0.50 to 0.06), p = 0.12). Regarding safety, Control IQ reduction in DKA was insignificant (OR 1.48 (CI 95%: 0.23–9.55), p = 0.68). Conclusion Control IQ showed better blood glucose control than standard insulin therapy, with some considerations regarding daytime glycemic control that need further assessment.
format Article
id doaj-art-d338925199f940e488110dee8faab1a5
institution Kabale University
issn 1758-5996
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
spelling doaj-art-d338925199f940e488110dee8faab1a52025-08-20T04:03:07ZengBMCDiabetology & Metabolic Syndrome1758-59962025-08-0117111110.1186/s13098-025-01906-2Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessmentRahma Mogahed Rateb0Ammar Salah1Ahmed Kertam2Youssef Adel Youssef Ashmawi3Nourhan Hatem Mahmoud4Eslam Afifi5Ahmed Bayoumi6Salma Allam7Mohamed Saad Rakab8Faculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar Assiut UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Ain-shams UniversityFaculty of Medicine, October 6 UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Benha UniversityFaculty of Medicine, October 6 UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Galala UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Mansoura UniversityAbstract Background Automated insulin delivery showed better results than standard insulin therapy, such as MDI. Therefore, we aimed to discuss the efficacy of Control IQ hybrid closed loop (HCL) during the daytime and nighttime for the type 1 diabetic population without restriction in age group or disease severity. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and related article citations. We analyzed the time in range (TIR), time below range (TBR), time above range (TAR), HBA1c, and serious adverse events (AEs) to ensure safety and efficacy. We used a random effects model when heterogeneity was present; otherwise, we used a fixed effects model. Data was presented as mean difference and 95% confidence intervals. Results We selected seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) out of 1339 articles for the analysis. After analysis of pooled studies data, Control IQ showed improvement in TIR 70–180 mg/dl 24 h data (MD 11.75%, CI 95% (9.54 to 13.97), p = 0.000001) with a similar effect observed in daytime and nighttime. Significant reduction in HbA1c (MD -0.38%, CI 95% (-0.55 to -0.22), p = 0.00001) and 24-hour coefficient variation (CV) measurement (MD -1.42%, CI 95% (-2.22 to -0.61), p = 0.0006) in the Control IQ group compared to the standard therapy group. However, daytime TBR < 70 mg/dl did not show significant improvement (MD -0.22%, CI 95% (-0.50 to 0.06), p = 0.12). Regarding safety, Control IQ reduction in DKA was insignificant (OR 1.48 (CI 95%: 0.23–9.55), p = 0.68). Conclusion Control IQ showed better blood glucose control than standard insulin therapy, with some considerations regarding daytime glycemic control that need further assessment.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01906-2Control IQArtificial pancreasClosed loopType 1 diabetes
spellingShingle Rahma Mogahed Rateb
Ammar Salah
Ahmed Kertam
Youssef Adel Youssef Ashmawi
Nourhan Hatem Mahmoud
Eslam Afifi
Ahmed Bayoumi
Salma Allam
Mohamed Saad Rakab
Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
Control IQ
Artificial pancreas
Closed loop
Type 1 diabetes
title Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment
title_full Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment
title_fullStr Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment
title_full_unstemmed Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment
title_short Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment
title_sort daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control iq technology vs standard therapy in type 1 diabetes a systematic review and meta analysis with trial sequential analysis and grade assessment
topic Control IQ
Artificial pancreas
Closed loop
Type 1 diabetes
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01906-2
work_keys_str_mv AT rahmamogahedrateb daytimeandnighttimeglycemiccontrolwithcontroliqtechnologyvsstandardtherapyintype1diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysiswithtrialsequentialanalysisandgradeassessment
AT ammarsalah daytimeandnighttimeglycemiccontrolwithcontroliqtechnologyvsstandardtherapyintype1diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysiswithtrialsequentialanalysisandgradeassessment
AT ahmedkertam daytimeandnighttimeglycemiccontrolwithcontroliqtechnologyvsstandardtherapyintype1diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysiswithtrialsequentialanalysisandgradeassessment
AT youssefadelyoussefashmawi daytimeandnighttimeglycemiccontrolwithcontroliqtechnologyvsstandardtherapyintype1diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysiswithtrialsequentialanalysisandgradeassessment
AT nourhanhatemmahmoud daytimeandnighttimeglycemiccontrolwithcontroliqtechnologyvsstandardtherapyintype1diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysiswithtrialsequentialanalysisandgradeassessment
AT eslamafifi daytimeandnighttimeglycemiccontrolwithcontroliqtechnologyvsstandardtherapyintype1diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysiswithtrialsequentialanalysisandgradeassessment
AT ahmedbayoumi daytimeandnighttimeglycemiccontrolwithcontroliqtechnologyvsstandardtherapyintype1diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysiswithtrialsequentialanalysisandgradeassessment
AT salmaallam daytimeandnighttimeglycemiccontrolwithcontroliqtechnologyvsstandardtherapyintype1diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysiswithtrialsequentialanalysisandgradeassessment
AT mohamedsaadrakab daytimeandnighttimeglycemiccontrolwithcontroliqtechnologyvsstandardtherapyintype1diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysiswithtrialsequentialanalysisandgradeassessment