Influence of Overcharge Abuse on the Thermal-Electrochemical Performance of Sodium Ion Cells
Thermal safety issues of sodium-ion batteries have become a major challenge, particularly under abusive conditions where the risk of thermal runaway is heightened. This study investigates the effects of overcharging on the thermal safety of sodium-ion batteries. Discharge capacity and time, internal...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Jiangyun Zhang Ruli Zhang Fei Duan Mingli Niu Guoqing Zhang Ting Huang Xiaoyong Wang Yuliang Wen Ning Xu Xin Liu |
| author_facet | Jiangyun Zhang Ruli Zhang Fei Duan Mingli Niu Guoqing Zhang Ting Huang Xiaoyong Wang Yuliang Wen Ning Xu Xin Liu |
| author_sort | Jiangyun Zhang |
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| description | Thermal safety issues of sodium-ion batteries have become a major challenge, particularly under abusive conditions where the risk of thermal runaway is heightened. This study investigates the effects of overcharging on the thermal safety of sodium-ion batteries. Discharge capacity and time, internal resistance, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (<i>EIS</i>) at different states of charge (<i>SOCs</i>) are analyzed. Additionally, heat generation behaviors are evaluated at both normal/elevated temperatures. It is found that the overcharged batteries (<i>OBs</i>) demonstrate a significant increase in internal resistance from 46.72 Ω to 65.99 Ω. The discharge time of <i>OBs</i> at 1 C current (the ratio of the rate at which a battery discharges per unit time to its rated capacity) is reduced by 4.26% compared to normal batteries (<i>NBs</i>). The peak temperature and temperature difference increase by 5.6% and 36.1%, respectively. When discharged at 1 C at 40 °C, <i>OBs</i> have a 5.47% reduction in discharge time compared to <i>NBs</i>. Furthermore, the <i>OBs</i> exhibit an increase in the peak discharge temperature and temperature difference of 0.99 °C and 0.4 °C, respectively. Microscopic analysis of the electrode materials makes clear the irreversible damage to the internal structures of the sodium-ion battery caused by overcharging. This study potentially provides fundamental data support and theoretical insights for sodium-ion battery module thermal safety. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d33432e9e01a4dc4a594679ff85b656f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-d33432e9e01a4dc4a594679ff85b656f2025-08-20T03:28:33ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-07-011813358010.3390/en18133580Influence of Overcharge Abuse on the Thermal-Electrochemical Performance of Sodium Ion CellsJiangyun Zhang0Ruli Zhang1Fei Duan2Mingli Niu3Guoqing Zhang4Ting Huang5Xiaoyong Wang6Yuliang Wen7Ning Xu8Xin Liu9School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639789, SingaporeDepartment of Electric Power Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic of Water Resources and Electric Engineering, Guangzhou 510925, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInternational Copper Association, Room 2582, 25F, 381 Huaihai Zhong Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200020, ChinaDongguan Guixiang Insulation Material Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523861, ChinaDongguan Guixiang Insulation Material Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523861, ChinaGuangdong Greenway Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523000, ChinaGuangdong Greenway Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523000, ChinaThermal safety issues of sodium-ion batteries have become a major challenge, particularly under abusive conditions where the risk of thermal runaway is heightened. This study investigates the effects of overcharging on the thermal safety of sodium-ion batteries. Discharge capacity and time, internal resistance, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (<i>EIS</i>) at different states of charge (<i>SOCs</i>) are analyzed. Additionally, heat generation behaviors are evaluated at both normal/elevated temperatures. It is found that the overcharged batteries (<i>OBs</i>) demonstrate a significant increase in internal resistance from 46.72 Ω to 65.99 Ω. The discharge time of <i>OBs</i> at 1 C current (the ratio of the rate at which a battery discharges per unit time to its rated capacity) is reduced by 4.26% compared to normal batteries (<i>NBs</i>). The peak temperature and temperature difference increase by 5.6% and 36.1%, respectively. When discharged at 1 C at 40 °C, <i>OBs</i> have a 5.47% reduction in discharge time compared to <i>NBs</i>. Furthermore, the <i>OBs</i> exhibit an increase in the peak discharge temperature and temperature difference of 0.99 °C and 0.4 °C, respectively. Microscopic analysis of the electrode materials makes clear the irreversible damage to the internal structures of the sodium-ion battery caused by overcharging. This study potentially provides fundamental data support and theoretical insights for sodium-ion battery module thermal safety.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/13/3580overchargingabusethermal-electrical characteristicssodium-ion batteriesthermal safety |
| spellingShingle | Jiangyun Zhang Ruli Zhang Fei Duan Mingli Niu Guoqing Zhang Ting Huang Xiaoyong Wang Yuliang Wen Ning Xu Xin Liu Influence of Overcharge Abuse on the Thermal-Electrochemical Performance of Sodium Ion Cells Energies overcharging abuse thermal-electrical characteristics sodium-ion batteries thermal safety |
| title | Influence of Overcharge Abuse on the Thermal-Electrochemical Performance of Sodium Ion Cells |
| title_full | Influence of Overcharge Abuse on the Thermal-Electrochemical Performance of Sodium Ion Cells |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Overcharge Abuse on the Thermal-Electrochemical Performance of Sodium Ion Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Overcharge Abuse on the Thermal-Electrochemical Performance of Sodium Ion Cells |
| title_short | Influence of Overcharge Abuse on the Thermal-Electrochemical Performance of Sodium Ion Cells |
| title_sort | influence of overcharge abuse on the thermal electrochemical performance of sodium ion cells |
| topic | overcharging abuse thermal-electrical characteristics sodium-ion batteries thermal safety |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/13/3580 |
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