The impact of flue gas impurities on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with copper catalysts

The direct electrochemical reduction of CO2 to C2+ products from flue gases is a promising route to convert waste CO2 into valuable products without expensive capture and purification steps. However, impurities may hamper the efficiency and stability. Here we investigate the impact of N2, O2, SO2 an...

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Main Authors: Sam Van Daele, Gabriele Cioli, Daniel Choukroun, Tom Breugelmans
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:Journal of CO2 Utilization
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212982025000915
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author Sam Van Daele
Gabriele Cioli
Daniel Choukroun
Tom Breugelmans
author_facet Sam Van Daele
Gabriele Cioli
Daniel Choukroun
Tom Breugelmans
author_sort Sam Van Daele
collection DOAJ
description The direct electrochemical reduction of CO2 to C2+ products from flue gases is a promising route to convert waste CO2 into valuable products without expensive capture and purification steps. However, impurities may hamper the efficiency and stability. Here we investigate the impact of N2, O2, SO2 and NO on CO2 electrolysis with Cu catalysts. While N2 causes a diluting effect without side reactions, O2 is responsible for a parasitic reduction reaction that accounts for > 85 % Faradaic efficiency at 5 % O2. The development of a PTFE GDE architecture prevents all oxygen reduction on the carbon substrate and achieves 40.1 % Faradaic efficiency to C2+ at 350 mA/cm2 with a 4 % O2 impurity. Finally, stability measurements with NO or SO2 were conducted at 100 mA/cm2 and show that ∼200 ppm NO has a negligible influence on the performance, but ∼200 ppm SO2 irreversibly shifts the product distribution from C2+ products to formate. This work comprises crucial information to potentially bypass the CO2 purification steps, increasing economical viability.
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spelling doaj-art-d3243cf40a644377a40596ac737ce7692025-08-20T03:10:31ZengElsevierJournal of CO2 Utilization2212-98392025-07-019710310710.1016/j.jcou.2025.103107The impact of flue gas impurities on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with copper catalystsSam Van Daele0Gabriele Cioli1Daniel Choukroun2Tom Breugelmans3Research group Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp 2610, BelgiumResearch group Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp 2610, BelgiumResearch group Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp 2610, BelgiumCorresponding author.; Research group Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp 2610, BelgiumThe direct electrochemical reduction of CO2 to C2+ products from flue gases is a promising route to convert waste CO2 into valuable products without expensive capture and purification steps. However, impurities may hamper the efficiency and stability. Here we investigate the impact of N2, O2, SO2 and NO on CO2 electrolysis with Cu catalysts. While N2 causes a diluting effect without side reactions, O2 is responsible for a parasitic reduction reaction that accounts for > 85 % Faradaic efficiency at 5 % O2. The development of a PTFE GDE architecture prevents all oxygen reduction on the carbon substrate and achieves 40.1 % Faradaic efficiency to C2+ at 350 mA/cm2 with a 4 % O2 impurity. Finally, stability measurements with NO or SO2 were conducted at 100 mA/cm2 and show that ∼200 ppm NO has a negligible influence on the performance, but ∼200 ppm SO2 irreversibly shifts the product distribution from C2+ products to formate. This work comprises crucial information to potentially bypass the CO2 purification steps, increasing economical viability.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212982025000915CO2 reductionGas impuritiesGas Diffusion ElectrodeElectroChemistryMulticarbon products
spellingShingle Sam Van Daele
Gabriele Cioli
Daniel Choukroun
Tom Breugelmans
The impact of flue gas impurities on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with copper catalysts
Journal of CO2 Utilization
CO2 reduction
Gas impurities
Gas Diffusion Electrode
ElectroChemistry
Multicarbon products
title The impact of flue gas impurities on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with copper catalysts
title_full The impact of flue gas impurities on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with copper catalysts
title_fullStr The impact of flue gas impurities on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with copper catalysts
title_full_unstemmed The impact of flue gas impurities on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with copper catalysts
title_short The impact of flue gas impurities on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with copper catalysts
title_sort impact of flue gas impurities on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide with copper catalysts
topic CO2 reduction
Gas impurities
Gas Diffusion Electrode
ElectroChemistry
Multicarbon products
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212982025000915
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