Advancing education in interventional psychiatry: scoping review of simulation training and the future of virtual reality-based learning
ObjectivesInterventional psychiatric procedures such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have become increasingly important therapeutic options for managing severe or treatment-resistant mental illnesses. However, research suggests that gaps in...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1432314/full |
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| author | Peter Giacobbe Peter Giacobbe Peter Giacobbe Alice Tu Alice Tu Lilia Kaustov Lilia Kaustov Stephen Choi Stephen Choi Stephen Choi Julian Wiegelmann Julian Wiegelmann Fahad Alam Fahad Alam |
| author_facet | Peter Giacobbe Peter Giacobbe Peter Giacobbe Alice Tu Alice Tu Lilia Kaustov Lilia Kaustov Stephen Choi Stephen Choi Stephen Choi Julian Wiegelmann Julian Wiegelmann Fahad Alam Fahad Alam |
| author_sort | Peter Giacobbe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectivesInterventional psychiatric procedures such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have become increasingly important therapeutic options for managing severe or treatment-resistant mental illnesses. However, research suggests that gaps in training students in these techniques represent a rate-limiting step for their further dissemination and accessibility for the public. Studies have shown that the majority of psychiatry residents lack necessary competency and self-confidence in performing these treatments. Simulation based training has served as a gold standard for training procedural skills in medicine. Simulation-based training environments, particularly immersive reality technology (e.g., virtual reality [VR]), represent a promising novel avenue for trainees to develop the necessary skills for delivering these treatments. This scoping review discusses the current training in interventional psychiatry and how simulation-based training, specifically VR, can improve pedagogy in this area.MethodsIn this scoping review, a literature search was conducted on the PubMed database using specific search terms such as “simulat*”, “training”, “ECT”, “TMS”, “neuromodulation”, and “interventional psychiatry”. The search was limited to studies with language in English from 1980 to 2023.ResultsThe initial search yielded 2094 articles, of which 4 evaluated the effectiveness of simulation approaches for ECT and were included in this review. No published studies were identified regarding VR-based education in ECT or rTMS.ConclusionsThis scoping review provides an overview of the current landscape of pedagogical methods in interventional psychiatry and highlights the identified gaps in both the existing literature and the potential application of simulation-based environments, including VR, within this field. Considering the ongoing shift in medical education towards competency-based training, this review discusses the needs and benefits of VR-based simulators as an avenue to enhance competency in interventional psychiatry. Leveraging existing experience in the use of VR-based simulators in procedural skill acquisition in surgery and anesthesia, as well as recommendations on how to translate this approach to clinical training in psychiatry, are also discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d30f53ebc9e9471cb3b45467e4227f0f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-d30f53ebc9e9471cb3b45467e4227f0f2025-08-20T02:15:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402025-05-011610.3389/fpsyt.2025.14323141432314Advancing education in interventional psychiatry: scoping review of simulation training and the future of virtual reality-based learningPeter Giacobbe0Peter Giacobbe1Peter Giacobbe2Alice Tu3Alice Tu4Lilia Kaustov5Lilia Kaustov6Stephen Choi7Stephen Choi8Stephen Choi9Julian Wiegelmann10Julian Wiegelmann11Fahad Alam12Fahad Alam13Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaHarquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Anesthesia, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Anesthesia, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaPerioperative Brain Health Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Anesthesia, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaPerioperative Brain Health Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Anesthesia, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Anesthesia, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaObjectivesInterventional psychiatric procedures such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have become increasingly important therapeutic options for managing severe or treatment-resistant mental illnesses. However, research suggests that gaps in training students in these techniques represent a rate-limiting step for their further dissemination and accessibility for the public. Studies have shown that the majority of psychiatry residents lack necessary competency and self-confidence in performing these treatments. Simulation based training has served as a gold standard for training procedural skills in medicine. Simulation-based training environments, particularly immersive reality technology (e.g., virtual reality [VR]), represent a promising novel avenue for trainees to develop the necessary skills for delivering these treatments. This scoping review discusses the current training in interventional psychiatry and how simulation-based training, specifically VR, can improve pedagogy in this area.MethodsIn this scoping review, a literature search was conducted on the PubMed database using specific search terms such as “simulat*”, “training”, “ECT”, “TMS”, “neuromodulation”, and “interventional psychiatry”. The search was limited to studies with language in English from 1980 to 2023.ResultsThe initial search yielded 2094 articles, of which 4 evaluated the effectiveness of simulation approaches for ECT and were included in this review. No published studies were identified regarding VR-based education in ECT or rTMS.ConclusionsThis scoping review provides an overview of the current landscape of pedagogical methods in interventional psychiatry and highlights the identified gaps in both the existing literature and the potential application of simulation-based environments, including VR, within this field. Considering the ongoing shift in medical education towards competency-based training, this review discusses the needs and benefits of VR-based simulators as an avenue to enhance competency in interventional psychiatry. Leveraging existing experience in the use of VR-based simulators in procedural skill acquisition in surgery and anesthesia, as well as recommendations on how to translate this approach to clinical training in psychiatry, are also discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1432314/fullsimulation-based learningvirtual realityinterventional psychiatryneuromodulationECTrTMS |
| spellingShingle | Peter Giacobbe Peter Giacobbe Peter Giacobbe Alice Tu Alice Tu Lilia Kaustov Lilia Kaustov Stephen Choi Stephen Choi Stephen Choi Julian Wiegelmann Julian Wiegelmann Fahad Alam Fahad Alam Advancing education in interventional psychiatry: scoping review of simulation training and the future of virtual reality-based learning Frontiers in Psychiatry simulation-based learning virtual reality interventional psychiatry neuromodulation ECT rTMS |
| title | Advancing education in interventional psychiatry: scoping review of simulation training and the future of virtual reality-based learning |
| title_full | Advancing education in interventional psychiatry: scoping review of simulation training and the future of virtual reality-based learning |
| title_fullStr | Advancing education in interventional psychiatry: scoping review of simulation training and the future of virtual reality-based learning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advancing education in interventional psychiatry: scoping review of simulation training and the future of virtual reality-based learning |
| title_short | Advancing education in interventional psychiatry: scoping review of simulation training and the future of virtual reality-based learning |
| title_sort | advancing education in interventional psychiatry scoping review of simulation training and the future of virtual reality based learning |
| topic | simulation-based learning virtual reality interventional psychiatry neuromodulation ECT rTMS |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1432314/full |
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