Optimal scheduling of solar powered EV charging stations in a radial distribution system using opposition-based competitive swarm optimization
Abstract Solar-powered EV charging stations offer a sustainable and reliable alternative to traditional charging infrastructure, significantly alleviating stress on legacy grid systems. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources poses a challenge for energy management in power dist...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88758-y |
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| author | Isha Chandra Navneet Kumar Singh Paulson Samuel Mohit Bajaj Arvind R. Singh Ievgen Zaitsev |
| author_facet | Isha Chandra Navneet Kumar Singh Paulson Samuel Mohit Bajaj Arvind R. Singh Ievgen Zaitsev |
| author_sort | Isha Chandra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Solar-powered EV charging stations offer a sustainable and reliable alternative to traditional charging infrastructure, significantly alleviating stress on legacy grid systems. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources poses a challenge for energy management in power distribution networks. To address this, optimal charge/discharge scheduling of EVs becomes crucial. This paper introduces an innovative Opposition-based Competitive Swarm Optimization (OCSO) technique to minimize the total charging cost of EVs in the IEEE 33-bus distribution system. Five strategically placed solar-powered charging stations on distinct buses are evaluated under three charging modes: dumb charging, smart grid-to-vehicle (G2V) charging, and smart vehicle-to-grid (V2G) charging. Comprehensive analyses are performed on critical parameters, including bus voltage stability, EV charging load profiles, electricity cost profiles, state-of-charge (SOC) dynamics, and the thermal performance of distribution transformers. Notably, total power losses are reduced by 13.7% and 21.6% in smart G2V and smart V2G modes, respectively, compared to dumb charging. Furthermore, the cumulative ageing factor of distribution transformers under smart V2G charging is reduced by 11.86%, indicating extended transformer lifespan. These findings demonstrate that solar-powered EV charging stations, coupled with advanced energy management strategies, can effectively mitigate grid impacts, enhance operational efficiency, and contribute to reducing net carbon emissions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d2f6eb73a4e74a44bc550df6c9dfd3d4 |
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| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-d2f6eb73a4e74a44bc550df6c9dfd3d42025-08-20T02:12:59ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111910.1038/s41598-025-88758-yOptimal scheduling of solar powered EV charging stations in a radial distribution system using opposition-based competitive swarm optimizationIsha Chandra0Navneet Kumar Singh1Paulson Samuel2Mohit Bajaj3Arvind R. Singh4Ievgen Zaitsev5Department of Electrical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University)School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanjiang Normal UniversityDepartment of Theoretical Electrical Engineering and Diagnostics of Electrical Equipment, Institute of Electrodynamics, National Academy of Sciences of UkraineAbstract Solar-powered EV charging stations offer a sustainable and reliable alternative to traditional charging infrastructure, significantly alleviating stress on legacy grid systems. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources poses a challenge for energy management in power distribution networks. To address this, optimal charge/discharge scheduling of EVs becomes crucial. This paper introduces an innovative Opposition-based Competitive Swarm Optimization (OCSO) technique to minimize the total charging cost of EVs in the IEEE 33-bus distribution system. Five strategically placed solar-powered charging stations on distinct buses are evaluated under three charging modes: dumb charging, smart grid-to-vehicle (G2V) charging, and smart vehicle-to-grid (V2G) charging. Comprehensive analyses are performed on critical parameters, including bus voltage stability, EV charging load profiles, electricity cost profiles, state-of-charge (SOC) dynamics, and the thermal performance of distribution transformers. Notably, total power losses are reduced by 13.7% and 21.6% in smart G2V and smart V2G modes, respectively, compared to dumb charging. Furthermore, the cumulative ageing factor of distribution transformers under smart V2G charging is reduced by 11.86%, indicating extended transformer lifespan. These findings demonstrate that solar-powered EV charging stations, coupled with advanced energy management strategies, can effectively mitigate grid impacts, enhance operational efficiency, and contribute to reducing net carbon emissions.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88758-yElectric vehiclesDistributed networksCost minimisationSmart chargingSolar-based charging station |
| spellingShingle | Isha Chandra Navneet Kumar Singh Paulson Samuel Mohit Bajaj Arvind R. Singh Ievgen Zaitsev Optimal scheduling of solar powered EV charging stations in a radial distribution system using opposition-based competitive swarm optimization Scientific Reports Electric vehicles Distributed networks Cost minimisation Smart charging Solar-based charging station |
| title | Optimal scheduling of solar powered EV charging stations in a radial distribution system using opposition-based competitive swarm optimization |
| title_full | Optimal scheduling of solar powered EV charging stations in a radial distribution system using opposition-based competitive swarm optimization |
| title_fullStr | Optimal scheduling of solar powered EV charging stations in a radial distribution system using opposition-based competitive swarm optimization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal scheduling of solar powered EV charging stations in a radial distribution system using opposition-based competitive swarm optimization |
| title_short | Optimal scheduling of solar powered EV charging stations in a radial distribution system using opposition-based competitive swarm optimization |
| title_sort | optimal scheduling of solar powered ev charging stations in a radial distribution system using opposition based competitive swarm optimization |
| topic | Electric vehicles Distributed networks Cost minimisation Smart charging Solar-based charging station |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88758-y |
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